Hierarchical toolbox: Ensuring scientific accuracy of citizen sciencefor tropical coastal ecosystems

Ecological Indicators

Volume 66, July 2016, Pages 242-250

  (Review)

Vermeiren, P.^a , 

Munoz, C.^a , 

Zimmer, M.^b , 

Sheaves, M.^c 

^a  Freelance Scientist, Koebrugstraat 8, Stekene, Belgium
^b  Leibniz-Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT) GmbH, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany
^c  Estuary and Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Research Group, Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Research, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, Australia 

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Abstract

Increased human population growth threatens the ecological functioning and goods and services provided by tropical coastal ecosystems. However, a lack of scientific baselines and resources hamper efforts to develop and monitor ecological indicators of environmental change. Citizen science can provide a cost and time effective solution, but needs considerable context specific development to ensure it provides valid information of the quality level required for acceptance by the scientific community. We reviewed the use of sampling methods for shore crabs as an example of an abundant tropical coastal organism with high citizen science suitability and ecological indicator capacity. We propose a hierarchical toolbox based on the distinction between rapid methods, allowing fast, noninvasive sampling by independent citizens, and medium speed methods allowing detailed but more invasive sampling requiring trained citizensworking in close interaction with professionals. The hierarchical structure enables full use of the large scale data collection ability of citizen scientists at lower levels, while ensuring validation of errors at higher levels. Additionally, at each level, bias reduction and data validation measures can be employed. We conclude that citizen science methodologies can provide accurate large scale data to develop the ecological baselines urgently needed to monitor and manage environmental change in many tropical coastal ecosystems. We discuss a stepwise implementation of the toolbox leading to accuracy metadata which can be independently reviewed as an ultimate accuracy assessment and data integration mechanism among multiple projects. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Author keywords

Framework; Indicators; Monitoring; Participatory research; Review; Sampling methods

Indexed keywords

Engineering controlled terms: Data integration; Ecology; Forestry; Indicators (instruments); Monitoring; Population statistics; Reviews; Tropics

Ecological functioning; Ecological indicators; Framework; Hierarchical structures; Human population growth; Integration mechanisms; Participatory research; Sampling method

Engineering main heading: Ecosystems

Species Index: Decapoda (Crustacea)

ISSN: 1470160XSource Type: Journal Original language: English

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.01.031Document Type: Review

Publisher: Elsevier

References (96)

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  Vermeiren, P.; Freelance Scientist, Koebrugstraat 8, Belgium; email:peter.vermeiren@gmail.com
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