Understanding genistein in cancer: The "good" and the "bad" effects: A review

Food Chemistry

Volume 196, 1 April 2016, Article number 18167, Pages 589-600

  (Review)

Russo, M.^a , 

Russo, G.L.^a, 

Daglia, M.^b, 

Kasi, P.D.^c , 

Ravi, S.^c, 

Nabavi, S.F.^d, 

Nabavi, S.M.^d

 

^a  Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
^b  Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

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Abstract

Nowadays, diet and specific dietary supplements are seen as potential adjuvants to prevent different chronic diseases, including cancer, or to ameliorate pharmacological therapies. Soybean is one of the most important food components in Asian diet. A plethora of evidence supports the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of genistein, a soybean isoflavone. Major tumors affected by genistein here reviewed are breast, prostate, colon, liver, ovarian, bladder, gastric, brain cancers, neuroblastoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, it is not always clear if and when genistein is beneficial against tumors (the "good" effects), or the opposite, when the same molecule exerts adverse effects (the "bad" effects), favouring cancer cell proliferation. This review will critically evaluate this concept in the light of the different molecular mechanisms of genistein which occur when the molecule is administered at low doses (chemopreventive effects), or at high doses (pharmacological effects). © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Author keywords

ERα/ERβ; Genistein; miRNA; Soybean; Tyrosine kinases

Indexed keywords

Engineering controlled terms: Amino acids; Cell proliferation; Dietary supplements; Disease control; Diseases; Molecules; RNA; Tumors

Chemopreventive effects; Chronic lymphocytic leukemias; Genistein; miRNA; Molecular mechanism; Pharmacological effects; Soybean; Tyrosine kinase

Engineering main heading: Flavonoids

EMTREE drug terms: genistein

EMTREE medical terms: bladder cancer; brain tumor; cancer therapy; chronic lymphatic leukemia; colon cancer; drug targeting; human; in vitro study; in vivo study; liver cancer; lung cancer; molecular mechanics; neuroblastoma; nonhuman; ovary cancer; prostate cancer; Review; stomach cancer; treatment outcome

Chemicals and CAS Registry Numbers: genistein, 446-72-0

ISSN: 03088146 CODEN: FOCHDSource Type: Journal Original language: English

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.085Document Type: Review

Publisher: Elsevier Ltd

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  Russo, M.; Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Italy
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