Ethnoveterinary Medicine: Present and Future Concepts

Ethnoveterinary Plants and Practices for the Control of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases in South Africa

• January 2020

• DOI:
• 10.1007/978-3-030-32270-0_11

• In book: Ethnoveterinary Medicine: Present and Future Concepts
• Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Gender Aspects and Multiple Contexts in Ethnoveterinary Practice and Science

• December 2019

• DOI:
• 10.1007/978-3-030-32270-0_7

• In book: Ethnoveterinary Medicine

• Tedje van Asseldonk
• Cheryl Lans
•  
•  
•  
• Plants for Controlling Parasites in Goats

  Irene R. Mazhangara, Marcia Sanhokwe, Eliton Chivandi, John F. Mupangwa, José M. Lorenzo, Voster Muchenje

  Pages 73-98
   

ISEE Sessions at APA Central

ISEE will be hosting 2 affiliated group sessions at the 2020 Central Division Meeting of the APA:

Friday, February 28  7:00pm – 10:00pm

Climate Justice

Chair:

Ben Almassi

Speakers:

William Littlefield (Case Western University) – “Utility Gains in Climate Justice”

Marcus Hedahl (US Naval Academy) – “Climate Justice & Moral Psychology: Surprising Stoic Solutions”

Kizito Michael George (Kyambogo University) – “Linking Climate Change to Human Rights and Social Justice: A Critique of the Ethics and Epistemologies of Climate Change Science”

Rachel Fredericks (Ball State University) – “Climate Legacy: A New(ish) Concept for the Climate Crisis”

Saturday, February 29  2:00pm – 5:00pm

Understanding Community

Chair: Megs Gendreau (Centre College)

Speakers:

Connor Kianpour (Georgia State University) – “Dolphin Ownerhood: Nonhuman Persons and Habitative Noninterference”

Sade Hormio (UC Berkeley) – “Climate Change and Responsibility as Members of Collective Agents”

Justin Donhauser (Bowling Green State University) – “Robot Pollinator Ethics”

Zachary Vereb (University of South Florida) – “A Kantian Perspective on Climate Ethics: History and Global Community”

CFP: International Society for Environmental Ethics 17th Annual Summer Meeting

Call for papers on themes concerning
Action and the Climate Crisis
July 6-9, 2020
H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Blue River, Oregon
This call for papers solicits 500-word proposals for presentations on any topic in environmental philosophy. However, special attention will be given to proposals for talks concerning issues connected with first-order normative claims, initiatives, and action in response to the range of environmental threats connected to climate change, biodiversity loss, mass extinction, pollution, and ecosystem degradation.
An escalating rhetoric of a “crisis” or “emergency” has accompanied an increase of public awareness about harmful climate impacts and degraded environmental conditions. With some regularity, we hear that observed phenomena either meet or exceed the worst-case scenarios within a suite of possible trajectories. Predicted changes in the natural world are unfolding more rapidly than expected, e.g. loss of Arctic ice, and international pledges to act are simply not being met, as global GHG emissions continue to grow. Empirical studies reveal surprising and deeply troubling information about, for example, the collapse of insect and bird populations, while some powerful right-wing and authoritarian political leaders only exacerbate the problems, e.g. Trump’s withdraw from the Paris Agreement and Bolsonaro’s policies of deforestation and development in the Amazon.
In response, there has been growing youth-led, political engagement, exemplified by the international school strikes for climate action and the U.S. Sunrise Movement, as well as a return to non-violent direct action (e.g., by Extinction Rebellion in the UK). One widespread refrain asserts we have only 12 years to radically transform society, which calls for a mobilization equivalent to those made to fight world wars. How should we think about that? While environmental philosophy has traditionally focused on theory, concepts, and ideological frameworks (e.g. conceptions of intrinsic value, anthropocentrism, and environmental justice), the theme of this conference is to focus on praxis, conduct, behavior, and concrete action: How can philosophy help us understand and engage with conditions that call us to action? How can we do activism well in the climate arena, both strategically and ethically? What will future generations, in retrospect, think we should be doing today?
Proposals prepared for blind review should be submitted via email to Allen Thompson, <allen.thompson@oregonstate.edu> no later than March 1st, 2020. Decisions will be announced by April 15th.

Radical scavenging and antiproliferative effect of novel phenolic derivatives isolated from Nerium indicum against human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7)—an in silico and in vitro approach

Abstract

Multiple drug resistance and increased side effects due to allopathic drugs has warned scientific community with a global alarm to identify molecules from natural sources to combat diseases with minimum or no side effects. The present investigation was aimed to identify and isolate secondary metabolites from traditionally used Nerium indicum using conventional column chromatography which led to the isolation of two compounds, C-I (fractions NB4f1) and C-II (fractions NC13b1). Further characterized, it is elucidated using spectral data and identified as N-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-methoxy-2-phenyl-acetamide, molecular formula C15H15NO3, and molecular weight 257.3 (C-I) and N-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-phenyl-N-phenylacetyl-acetamide, molecular formula C22H19NO3, and molecular weight 345.4 (C-II). Further, the isolated compounds were investigated using in silico approach by Autodock tool with four different proteins specific for cancer and in vitro assessed cell proliferation, and apoptosis against human breast cancer MCF 7 cell line. The results of the in silico model demonstrated potent binding affinity of both compounds with the proteins representing that the isolated molecules could be a drug of choice for cancer. Further, the isolated compounds revealed significant inhibition of cell proliferation (IC50 values 21 μg/mL for C-I, 19 μg/mL for C-II) with induced apoptosis with nuclear condensation effect on the MCF 7 cells in in vitro condition even at very low concentration. Compound treatment to MCF-7 cell line represented bright fetches indicating condensed chromatins and higher level of nuclear fragmentation with DAPI staining, indicating higher cell death due to induced apoptosis and confirmed using flow cytometry analysis representing inhibition of cell proliferation at S phase.

 

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338281545_Radical_scavenging_and_antiproliferative_effect_of_novel_phenolic_derivatives_isolated_from_Nerium_indicum_against_human_breast_cancer_cell_line_MCF-7-an_in_silico_and_in_vitro_approach

Alternative Antimicrobials: Medicinal Plants and Their Influences on Animal Infectious Diseases

Ethnoveterinary medicine refers to the beliefs, knowledge, methods, practices and techniques used in the promotion of healthcare and well-being for animals. Since the 1940s, antibiotics were fed to livestock animals to boost their productivity by growing them bigger faster and at a cheaper price. Nonetheless, over the years many antibiotics which were once used successfully to attenuate or kill disease-causing microorganisms have now become inefficacious. Additionally, the number of antibiotic leads and novel antibiotics proposed by pharmaceutical companies has stalled considerably. Hence, there is an urgent need to provide newer classes of antibiotics or to derive modern strategies to combat disease-causing microorganisms. This chapter mentions 275 plant species used in different countries around the world to treat infectious ailments in animals. Plants listed in this chapter provide an indication of medicinal plants used in parts of Africa such as in South Africa and Uganda; in Asia such as in India, Nepal, Afghanistan and Pakistan; as well as in other countries such as Brazil and Iran. Interestingly, the results of in vitro studies provide valuable insights with respect to the antimicrobial properties of plants used in traditional medicinal systems over the world. These results can unlock diverse avenues for screening novel compounds, leads or even plant extracts that can be successfully developed as antimicrobial agents.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338329556_Alternative_Antimicrobials_Medicinal_Plants_and_Their_Influences_on_Animal_Infectious_Diseases

Cytotoxic activities of ethanolic and dichloromethane extract of leaves, stems, and flowers of Jarong [Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl.] on HeLa and T47D cancer cell line

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338211905_Cytotoxic_activities_of_ethanolic_and_dichloromethane_extract_of_leaves_stems_and_flowers_of_Jarong_Stachytarpheta_jamaicensis_L_Vahl_on_HeLa_and_T47D_cancer_cell_line/references

Coping with Assisted Reproductive Technology: Evidence from Clients Seeking Infertility Interventions in Selected Private Health Facilities in Ghana

Kyei, J.M.

URI: http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/29076

Date: 2018-10

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Infertility remains a challenge for some couples globally. Recent evidence shows that one in every six couples will face fertility problem in their reproductive age. For the past four decades, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) has been an effective intervention for infertility. The complexities associated with the ART presents many challenges to couples including psychological, social, and emotional difficulties. These challenges underscore the relevance of coping particularly during the process of the ART. Objectives: This study therefore sought to understand the challenges associated with ART and the various coping strategies infertile couples adopt when seeking ART. Methods: The study employed convergent parallel mixed method design. Exploratory phenomenological approach and cross-sectional survey were used for the qualitative and the quantitative studies respectively. Overall, 12 women and 6 men participated in the qualitative study, whereas 211 women participated in the quantitative study. The qualitative study employed purposive sampling technique and the quantitative used convenience sampling technique to recruit the respondents. The qualitative data was collected using in-depth interviews and the Ways of Coping questionnaire was used to collect the quantitative data. Analysis of the quantitative data was done using content analysis technique whereas the quantitative data was analysed using the Stata version 14.0. Descriptive statistics such as the mean, frequencies were determined from the quantitative data. Inferential statistics such as Chi-square test of independence, Fishers exact test, one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal Wallis were used to determine association between each of the predictors of coping and levels of coping strategy. Results: The study revealed couples with infertility problems highly value biological children due to social stigmatization about childlessness. Some respondents indicated that they have suffered various forms of psychological, emotional, and social afflictions because of their inability to have their own children. Respondents utilised ART the best alternative solution to infertility problem. Factors such as advanced age of the woman, pressure from families, particularly mothers-in-law, and friends influenced respondents’ uptake of ART. Furthermore, various ART uptake challenges, identified included anxiety about treatment outcome, high cost of ART, and long distance to ART centres. The study respondents used different coping strategies to cope with ART. These included confrontational, distance, self-control, social support, acceptance responsibility, escape-avoidance, problem solving and positive reappraisal coping strategy. The most highly used coping strategy was positive-reappraisal (n = 104, 49.3%). Fertility centre and cause of infertility were the two covariates that were significantly related to overall coping strategy. None of the covariates were associated with the positive reappraisal coping strategy. Conclusions: Having children in marriage in the Ghanaian society is very crucial. Even though ART offers a better solution to infertility, it has its own associated challenges necessitating the adoption of various forms of coping strategies. Given the importance couples attach to biological children, evidence of infertility prevalence in Ghana, Government should consider integrating ART services into the existing obstetric and gynecological facilities to serve as an alternate solution to the challenges of infertility in Ghana. Again, the reproductive health unit of the Ghana Health Service should sensitise the general public about the availability of ART, its effectiveness as well as the associated benefits. This will reduce the negative consequences of childlessness in the Ghanaian society. Given the emotional and psychological challenges reported by the clients in this study, it is recommended that counseling units should be established in these centres to offer services to clients at every stage of the treatment.

Description:

PhD.

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Naturopathy in the management of women with diminished ovarian reserve: a research proposal.

Maunder, Alison. "Naturopathy in the management of women with diminished ovarian reserve: a research proposal." Australian Journal of Herbal & Naturopathic Medicine 31.4 (2019).

Medical ethnobotany of Wik, Wik-Way and Kugu peoples of Cape York Peninsula, Australia: an integrated collaborative approach to understanding traditional phytotherapeutic knowledge and its applications

Edwards, Sarah Elizabeth.University of London, University College London (United Kingdom), ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2006. 10105153.

https://search.proquest.com/docview/1796089911?pq-origsite=gscholar

Situating health and well-being in the Atlanta and Trinidad-Tobago transnational context

Lisa Shanti Chaudhari
Publisher:	2011.
Dissertation:	Ph. D. University of Georgia 2011
Edition/Format:	Thesis/dissertation : Thesis/dissertation : eBook : English
Summary:	This study investigates the ethnoecology of a transnational community focusing on changes in health knowledge and perceptions influencing health practices. I use a multi-sited approach integrating classic ethnographic techniques and cross-disciplinary methods such as GIS to study the Atlanta and Trinidad and Tobago transnational community. This complementary approach based on an ethnoecological and biocultural framework is used to: 1) document and compare the ethnoecology between both locations, 2) assess and compare health, 3) examine health practices, and 4) evaluate health and well-being perceptions. This study allows us to set a baseline from which the relatively young, but growing Trinidad and Tobago community in Atlanta can be compared to other established communities (e.g. New York and Toronto). Findings point to a disjuncture between physical and perceived health status, highlighting the complex nature of well-being in migrant communities. The Atlanta community results indicate poor physical health, yet self-rated health is superior. Investigating health practices through individual health network maps and geo-narratives show us that place and space are significant factors across locations. Health resources close to home represent a large proportion of resources accessed. In Atlanta, a sense of "home" is an underlying factor behind behavior. When looking at health perspectives, key concepts consistent across locations include food-diet, the ocean, and relaxation. The distinctions in the level of importance or presence of themes illustrate transformations in health and wellness concepts. A multilevel health approach that takes elements from a variety of health categories (e.g. biomedical, ethnobotanical) is common to both locations. This project demonstrates how a comprehensive and layered picture of well-being in this transnational setting is critical and how its complexity can be reflected at varying levels. By assessing specific dimensions of knowledge, perceptions, and practice, I explore the interplay of factors influencing the human environment relationship to determine significant elements that promote health and well-being of this community. I look at how research in this particular transnational community contributes to recent conversations in ethnoecology, migration and health studies. Finally, I discuss the applicability and value of cross-disciplinary methods for local health projects

Antifungal in vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Clinical Isolates of Malassezia pachydermatis from Canine Ears: A Report from a Practice Laboratory

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337578913_Antifungal_in_vitro_Activity_of_Essential_Oils_against_Clinical_Isolates_of_Malassezia_pachydermatis_from_Canine_Ears_A_Report_from_a_Practice_Laboratory/references

Antifertility activity of phenolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower in male albino rats.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331486846_Antifertility_activity_of_phenolic_extract_of_Hibiscus_rosa-sinensis_L_flower_in_male_albino_rats

Antifertility activity of phenolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower in male albino rats

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331486846_Antifertility_activity_of_phenolic_extract_of_Hibiscus_rosa-sinensis_L_flower_in_male_albino_rats/references

Alchemilla abyssinica on Smooth Muscle of Guinea-pig Ileum: An in Vitro Study

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337905652_Alchemilla_abyssinica_on_Smooth_Muscle_of_Guinea-pig_Ileum_An_in_Vitro_Study/references

EFFECT OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION, BIOFERTILIZER AND THIDIAZURON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) PLANT.

EFFECT OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION, BIOFERTILIZER ...

https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg › article_64102

EFFECT OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION, BIOFERTILIZER AND THIDIAZURON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) PLANT.

Effects of co-administration of methanol leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus on the hypoglycemic activity of metformin and glibenclamide in rats

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337330643_Effects_of_co-administration_of_methanol_leaf_extract_of_Catharanthus_roseus_on_the_hypoglycemic_activity_of_metformin_and_glibenclamide_in_rats_Asian_Pacific_Journal_of_Tropical_Medicine

Plant-plant combination: an important option in the phase of failing anthelmintics to control nematodes in small ruminants

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327861908_Plant-plant_combination_an_important_option_in_the_phase_of_failing_anthelmintics_to_control_nematodes_in_small_ruminants/references

thesis

A comparison of the efficacy of two commercial acaricides (fipronil and amitraz) with Azadirachta indica (neem) on the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) from canines in Trinidad

Abstract

Suraj RA1, Rambarran R1, Ali K1, Harbajan D1, Charles R1, Sant C1, Georges K1, Suepaul S1.

Author information

1

School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.

The brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) is prevalent on canids in Trinidad. It is directly (by causing anaemia) and indirectly (by acting as a vector of tick‐borne pathogens) responsible for morbidity and mortalities in the canine population. The most commonly used commercial acaricides available to pet owners in Trinidad are amitraz and fipronil. Often, these acaricides may be abused and misused in a desperate attempt to rid pets of ticks. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of amitraz and fipronil with the herbal alternative, neem (Azadirachta indica). Triplicate in vitro trials utilizing the Larval Packet Test (LPT) were conducted using three concentrations (low, recommended and high) of fipronil (0.025%, 0.05% and 0.1%), amitraz (0.01%, 0.02% and 1%), neem oil (10%, 20% and 40%) and neem leaf extract (0.25%, 0.5% and 2%) for each trial. Statistical analysis using the mixed‐effect Poisson regression analysis indicated that there was a significant difference (p < .05) in the survival of ticks pre‐treatment versus post‐treatment with amitraz, fipronil and all controls when compared to the neem oil. Fipronil and amitraz caused ≥99% mortality for all concentrations used in this study. Mortalities for neem oil and neem leaf extract ranged from 72.7% to 82% and 38% to 95.3%, respectively, with the greatest percentage of mortalities occurring at the lower concentrations. Neem oil and neem leaf extract can be used as alternative acaricides, and however, they are less efficacious against the brown dog tick than amitraz and fipronil.

Estrogenic effects of phytoestrogens derived from Flemingia strobilifera in MCF-7 cells and immature rats

Arch Pharm Res. 2018 May;41(5):519-529. doi: 10.1007/s12272-018-1027-1. Epub 2018 May 24.

Jeong SY1, Chang M2, Choi SH3, Oh SR3, Wu HH4, Zhu Y4, Gao XM4, Wang X4,5, Zhang B1, Lim DS1, Lee JY1, Kim SD1, Song YS6.

Author information

1

College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.

2

Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea.

3

Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Chungbuk, 363-883, Republic of Korea.

4

Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.

5

Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.

6

College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea. yssong@sookmyung.ac.kr.

Abstract

Phytoestrogen (PE) has received considerable attention due to the physiological significance of its estrogenicity. Flemingia strobilifera (FS) has been used as a folk medicine in Asia for the treatment of inflammation, cancer, and infection; however, the estrogenic effects and chemical components of FS have not yet been reported. We aimed to uncover the estrogenic properties and PEs derived from FS using phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation. PEs from FS extract (FSE) were analyzed by NMR, HPLC, and MS. To evaluate estrogenic activity, FSE and its compounds were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo assays, including human estrogen receptor alpha (hERα) binding, estrogen response element (ERE)-luciferase reporter assays, and uterotrophic assays. FSE and its compounds 1-5 showed binding affinities for hERα and activated ERE transcription in MCF-7 cells. Additionally, FSE and compounds 1-5 induced MCF-7 cell proliferation and trefoil factor 1 (pS2) expression. In immature female rats, significant increases in uterine weight and pS2 gene were observed in FSE-treated groups. We identified estrogenic activities of FSE and its bioactive compounds, suggesting their possible roles as PEs via ERs. PEs derived from FSE are promising candidates for ER-targeted therapy for post-menopausal symptoms.

KEYWORDS:

ERE transcription; Estrogen receptor; Flemingia strobilifera; Immature rat; Phytoestrogen; Uterotrophic effect

PMID:

 

29797242

 

DOI:

 

10.1007/s12272-018-1027-1

[Indexed for MEDLINE]

Traditional Uses of the Family Piperaceae in Oaxaca, Mexico

• December 2018 
• Tropical Conservation Science 12(2):194008291987931

The ethnobotanical importance of the family Piperaceae is recognized mainly for its medicinal properties. A total of 106 species of two genera of this family (Piper and Peperomia) have been collected in Oaxaca, but only 18 are recorded in scientific publications as medicinal, edible, veterinary, or ritual plants. The objectives of this study are to describe the traditional knowledge and uses of the Piperaceae in areas of high biocultural diversity of Oaxaca and to analyze the relationship between its geographic distribution with ethnobotanical records among ethnic groups. Fieldwork was carried out between 2013 and 2016, and voucher specimens were reviewed in Mexican herbaria. Two multivariate analyses were applied to compare the geographic distribution of Piperaceae with ethnobotanical knowledge in Oaxaca. A total of 13 species of Peperomia, and 7 of Piper were collected, besides some unidentified species of both genera. Seven use categories were registered, with medicinal and edible being the most important. A high percentage (65%) of the species is named in at least one native language. Most species have a single use, mainly medicinal. Peperomia has been collected in Oaxaca since 1980, while Piper since 1960. Multivariate analysis indicated the existence of a differentiated ethnobotanical knowledge of this family among ethnic groups, related to the geographic distribution of species. This study evidences that ethnic groups, who maintain areas of higher biodiversity, obtain these species mainly from the wild, from specific microenvironments; hence, conservation practices must be reinforced for them, as for all ecosystems in general.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337437346_Traditional_Uses_of_the_Family_Piperaceae_in_Oaxaca_Mexico