A review of the plant-based traditions of the Cocoa Panyols of Trinidad

GeoJournal pp 1–30 | http://rdcu.be/ARCi Authors and affiliations Cheryl LansEmail author 1. Article First Online: 09 December 2017 Abstract This paper reviews the plants used by Spanish speakers in Trinidad and Tobago as documented in a 1994 publication. The plant uses were reviewed to determine whether the plants and uses were different from other ethnic groups in Trinidad and the wider region and to draw conclusions from the review. The review covers 148 plants. With few exceptions, the plants were Native and so were the uses. Several plants have been little studied (Ambroisa cumanensis, Aristolochia rugosa, Bauhinia cumanensis, Bauhinia excisa, Begonia humilis, Croton conduplicatus, Croton flavens, Cyperus diffusus, Desmodium incanum, Fleurya aestuans, Heliconia bihai). The Cocoa Panyols retained the knowledge of at least two plants first described in the 1800s that were no longer mentioned to researchers in Trinidad and Tobago after 1981 by the rest of the population. The Cocoa Panyols preserved their cultural and linguistic heritage by concentrating on cocoa growing in rural areas and their movement from place to place to establish cocoa plantations may account for the uniformity of information on ethnomedicine in Trinidad, which additionally is similar to medicinal plant knowledge of the original populations of South America. Keywords Trinidad Cocoa Panyols Amerindians Ethnobotany Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-017-9835-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Notes Acknowledgements Adriel from Chile and Dr. Lionel Germosén-Robineau of ENDA-Caribe provided translations for the Creole Spanish. Dr. Lionel Germosén-Robineau of ENDA-Caribe also provided supporting publications. Montserrat Cabré an Associate Professor of the History of Science at the Universidad de Cantabria, Spain, also provided translations for the Creole Spanish. 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