Aquaporins as Targets of Dietary Bioactive Phytocompounds

Front Mol Biosci. 2018 Apr 18;5:30. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00030. eCollection 2018. Tesse A1, Grossini E2, Tamma G3, Brenner C4, Portincasa P5, Marinelli RA6, Calamita G3. Author information 1 Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, l'Institut du Thorax, Universitè de Nantes, Nantes, France. 2 Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University East Piedmont, Novara, Italy. 3 Department of Biosciences, Biotecnhologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy. 4 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S 1180-LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay Malabry, France. 5 Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Medical School, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy. 6 Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina. Abstract Plant-derived bioactive compounds have protective role for plants but may also modulate several physiological processes of plant consumers. In the last years, a wide spectrum of phytochemicals have been found to be beneficial to health interacting with molecular signaling pathways underlying critical functions such as cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, redox balance, cell volume regulation, metabolic homeostasis, and energy balance. Hence, a large number of biologically active phytocompounds of foods have been isolated, characterized, and eventually modified representing a natural source of novel molecules to prevent, delay or cure several human diseases. Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins involved in many body functions, are emerging among the targets of bioactive phytochemicals in imparting their beneficial actions. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of this fast growing topic focusing especially on what it is known on the modulatory effects played by several edible plant and herbal compounds on AQPs, both in health and disease. Phytochemical modulation of AQP expression may provide new medical treatment options to improve the prognosis of several diseases. KEYWORDS: anti-inflammatory; antioxidants; aquaporin membrane channels; chronic diseases; epigenetics; functional foods; gut microbiota; nutraceutics PMID: 29721498 PMCID: PMC5915544 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00030 Free PMC Article