Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components.

J Tradit Complement Med. 2017 Jan 13;7(4):433-440. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.014. eCollection 2017 Oct. Ghorbani A1, Esmaeilizadeh M2,3. Author information 1 Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2 Department of Basic Sciences, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran. 3 Student Research Committee, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran. Abstract Salvia officinalis (Sage) is a plant in the family of Labiatae/Lamiaceae. It is native to Middle East and Mediterranean areas, but today has been naturalized throughout the world. In folk medicine, S. officinalis has been used for the treatment of different kinds of disorders including seizure, ulcers, gout, rheumatism, inflammation, dizziness, tremor, paralysis, diarrhea, and hyperglycemia. In recent years, this plant has been a subject of intensive studies to document its traditional use and to find new biological effects. These studies have revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities for S. officinalis. Present review highlights the up-to-date information on the pharmacological findings that have been frequently reported for S. officinalis. These findings include anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antidementia, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Also, chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological effects of S. officinalis and the clinical studies on this plant are presented and discussed. KEYWORDS: Anticancer; Antimutagenic; Flavonoids; Sage; Salvia officinalis PMID: 29034191 PMCID: PMC5634728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.014 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5634728/