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- a MeditBio, Faculty of Sciences and Technology , University of Algarve , Campus de Gambelas , Faro , Portugal.
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- b Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition , Medical College, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland.
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- c Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Science , Andrzej Frycz-Modrzewski Krakow University , Poland.
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- d Radioligand Laboratory, Department of Pharmacobiology , Medical College, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland.
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- e Department of Pharmaceutical Botany , Medical College, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland.
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- f Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Medical College, Jagiellonian University , Krakow , Poland.
Abstract
CONTEXT:
Crataegus
monogyna L. (Rosaceae) (CM), Equisetum telmateia L. (Equisataceae)
(ET), Geranium purpureum Vil. (Geraniaceae) (GP), Mentha suaveolens
Ehrh. (Lamiaceae) (MS), and Lavandula stoechas L. spp. luisieri
(Lamiaceae) (LS) are all medicinal.
OBJECTIVE:
To
evaluate the antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial
activities of plant extracts and quantify individual phenolics and zinc.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Aerial
part extracts were prepared with water (W), ethanol (E) and an 80%
mixture (80EW). Antioxidant activity was measured with TAA, FRAP and RP
methods. Phenolics were quantified with a HPLC. Zinc was quantified
using voltammetry. Antibacterial activity (after 48 h) was tested using
Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Listeria monocytogenes.
Antiproliferative activity (after 24 h) was tested using HEP G2 cells
and fibroblasts.
RESULTS:
Solvents
influenced results; the best were E and 80EW. GP had the highest
antioxidant activity (TAA and FRAP of 536.90 mg AAE/g dw and 783.48 mg
TE/g dw, respectively). CM had the highest zinc concentration
(37.21 mg/kg) and phenolic variety, with neochlorogenic acid as the most
abundant (92.91 mg/100 g dw). LS was rich in rosmarinic acid
(301.71 mg/100 g dw). GP and LS inhibited the most microorganisms: B.
cereus, E. coli and S. aureus. GP also inhibited E. faecalis. CM had the
lowest MIC: 5830 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity is explained by the
phenolics present. LS and CM showed the most significant
anti-proliferative activity, which is explained by their zinc content.
CONCLUSION:
The most promising plants for further studies are CM, LS and GP.
KEYWORDS:
Algarve; HPLC; flavonoids; phenolics; solvent influence; traditional medicine
