Nutrients 2017, 9(3), 261; doi:10.3390/nu9030261
1
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
2
Réseau de Santé Vitalité Health Network, Centre hospitalier universitaire Dr-Georges-L.-Dumont, Moncton, NB E1C 2Z3, Canada
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 16 January 2017 / Revised: 27 February 2017 / Accepted: 7 March 2017 / Published: 10 March 2017
Abstract
Buglossoides arvensis (Ahiflower) oil is a dietary oil rich in stearidonic acid (20% SDA; 18:4 n-3). The present randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigated the effects of three Ahiflower oil dosages on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of plasma and mononuclear cells (MCs) and of the highest Ahiflower dosage on stimulated cytokine production in blood. Healthy subjects (n = 88) consumed 9.7 mL per day for 28 days of 100% high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO); 30% Ahiflower oil (Ahi) + 70% HOSO; 60% Ahi + 40% HOSO; and 100% Ahi. No clinically significant changes in blood and urine chemistries, blood lipid profiles, hepatic and renal function tests nor hematology were measured. Linear mixed models (repeated measures design) probed for differences in time, and time × treatment interactions. Amongst significant changes, plasma and MC eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) levels increased from baseline at day 28 in all Ahiflower groups (p < 0.05) and the increase was greater in all Ahiflower groups compared to the HOSO control (time × treatment interactions; p < 0.05). Similar results were obtained for α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 n-3), eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA, 20:4 n-3), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5 n-3) content; but not docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3). Production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) was increased in the 100% Ahiflower oil group compared to 100% HOSO group (p < 0.05). IL-10 production was also increased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated M2-differentiated THP-1 macrophage-like cells in the presence of 20:4 n-3 or EPA (p < 0.05). Overall; this indicates that the consumption of Ahiflower oil is associated with an anti-inflammatory phenotype in healthy subjects. View Full-Text
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MDPI and ACS Style
Lefort, N.; LeBlanc, R.; Surette, M.E. Dietary Buglossoides Arvensis Oil Increases Circulating n-3
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in a Dose-Dependent Manner and Enhances
Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Whole Blood Interleukin-10—A Randomized
Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2017, 9, 261.
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