Sahli R1,2,
Rivière C3,
Siah A1,
Smaoui A2,
Samaillie J1,
Hennebelle T1,
Roumy V1,
Ksouri R2,
Halama P1,
Sahpaz S1.
- 1
- EA
7394-ICV, Institut Charles Viollette, University Lille, INRA, ISA,
University Artois, University Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59000, Lille, France.
- 2
- The Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Centre of Borj-Cédria (CBBC), Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
- 3
- EA
7394-ICV, Institut Charles Viollette, University Lille, INRA, ISA,
University Artois, University Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59000, Lille, France. celine.riviere-3@univ-lille2.fr.
Abstract
Zymoseptoria
tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is the most important
pathogen of wheat. The control of this parasite relies mainly on
synthetic fungicides, but their use is increasingly controversial and
searching for alternative management strategies is encouraged. In this
context, the biocontrol potential of crude methanolic extracts of eight
extremophile plant species from Tunisia, including three xerophytes and
five halophytes, against Z. tritici was assessed. Only the extract of
Juncus maritimus rhizomes showed significant in vitro antifungal
activity. In extremophile plants, the production of secondary
metabolites is often influenced by abiotic conditions. Thus, we
collected several samples of J. maritimus rhizomes at different
vegetative stages, at different periods, and from different substrates
to compare their antifungal activities. Our results suggest that the
plant environment, especially the substrate of the soil, should be taken
into account to identify great sources of natural antifungal products.
From the most active sample, a 9,10-dehydrophenanthrene derivative,
effusol, absent from other J. maritimus rhizomes extracts, was purified.
This product showed a strong antifungal activity against the pathogen,
with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 19 μg mL-1 and an half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 9.98 μg mL-1. This phenanthrene derivative could be a promising biocontrol molecule against Z. tritici.
KEYWORDS:
Biofungicides; Effusol; Extremophile plants; Juncus maritimus; Wheat; Zymoseptoria tritici
