Volume 69, June 2016, Pages 430–437
Highlights
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- Five mixtures of cow milk and/or pea milk were fermented by 10 starter cultures.
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- Fermentative behavior, syneresis, rheological and sensorial properties were studied.
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- Pea protein reduced the rheological and sensorial quality of fermented milk.
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- Two starter cultures showed negative sensory properties as astringency & bitterness.
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- Four starter cultures did not show negative sensorial characteristics.
Abstract
Five
mixtures of milk and pea protein (0–40 g pea protein/100 g total
protein) were fermented by ten starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria
(LAB)2
to select the cocktails that can lead to products similar to a
conventional yoghurt. Generally speaking, an increase in pea
concentration leads to products with higher acidity, higher syneresis
and lower firmness. From the sensory perspective, up to 30 g pea
protein/100 g total protein, starter cultures show either positive or
negative effects. A principal component analysis (PCA)3 and a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA)4
carried out on all variables revealed five groups of products. Two
groups of products of 0 g or 10 g pea protein/100 g total protein seemed
to be the most similar to conventional dairy products. The third group
included products fermented with two starters with negative
characteristics such as astringency and bitterness. The last two groups
included members made of 10 g, 20 g, 30 g and 40 g pea protein/100 g
total protein, among them one group showing a positive sensory profile.
From this group, four starter cultures seem promising for the
fermentation of milk and pea protein mixtures.
Keywords
- Pea protein;
- Cow milk protein;
- Lactic acid bacteria;
- Rheology;
- Sensory properties
Abbreviations
- LAB, lactic acid bacteria;
- PCA, principal component analysis;
- HCA, hierarchical cluster analysis;
- V.max, maximum acidification rate;
- T.end, the time necessary to reach pH 4.7;
- pH.12 h, the pH after 12 h of fermentation;
- ANOVA, analysis of variance;
- LSD, least significant difference
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