Chem Biodivers. 2016 Oct 13. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201600264. [Epub ahead of print]
- 1Institute
of General Food Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz
University of Technology, Stefanowskiego St. 4/10, 90-924, Łódź, Poland.
anna.wajs-bonikowska@p.lodz.pl.
- 2Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilińskiego St. 1, 15-089, Białystok, Poland.
- 3Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego St. 7/9, Łódź, 90-752, Poland.
- 4Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Hallera Sq.1, 90-549, Łódź, Poland.
Abstract
The
increasing consumption of natural products lead us to discover and
study new plant materials, such as conifer seeds and cones, which could
be easily available from the forest industry as a waste material, for
their potential uses. The chemical composition of the essential oils of Picea pungens and Picea orientalis
was fully characterized by GC and GC-MS methods. Seed and cone oils of
both tree species were composed mainly of monoterpene hydrocarbons,
among which limonene, α- and β-pinene were the major, but in different
proportions in the examined conifer essential oils. The levorotary form
of chiral monoterpene molecules was predominant over the dextrorotary
form. The composition of oils from P. pungens seeds and cones was
similar, while the hydrodistilled oils of P. orientalis seeds and cones
differed from each other, mainly by a higher amount of oxygenated
derivatives of monoterpenes and by other higher molar mass terpenes in
seed oil. The essential oils showed mild antimicrobial action, however
P. orientalis cone oil exhibited stronger antimicrobial properties
against tested bacterial species than those of P. pungens. Effects of
the tested cone essential oils on human skin fibroblasts and
microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were similar: in a
concentration of 0-0.075 μl/ml the oils were rather safe for human skin
fibroblasts and 0-0.005 μl/ml for HMEC-1 cells. IC50 value of Picea pungens oils was 0.115 μl/ml, while that of Picea orientalis was 0.105 μl/ml. The value of IC50 of both oils were 0.035 μl/ml for HMEC-1 cells. The strongest effect on cell viability had the oil from Picea orientalis cones, while on DNA synthesis the oil from Picea pungens cones. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Picea orientalis
;
Picea pungens
; essential oil; spruce
