- 1Institute for Organic Farming, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, 2211, Hoče, Slovenia.
- 2ŽIPO živinoreja poljedelstvo Lenart d.o.o., 2230, Lenart, Slovenia.
- 3Department
of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, University of Maribor, 2211, Hoče, Slovenia.
- 4Department of Crop Science and Food, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- 5Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy - XaRTA-INSA, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Organic
production is widely assumed to affect quality and nutritional
parameters of arable crops. A field experiment was started in 2009
following integrated (INT), organic (ORG) and biodynamic (BD) production
standards for wheat, maize and rapeseed production. With resort to
standard analytical procedures and chemometrics, compositional
parameters of Brassica napus L. 'Siska' seed (water, protein, oil and
glucosinolate content) by non-destructive near-infrared spectroscopy
(NIRS), and fatty acid composition determined by gas chromatography,
were assessed.
RESULTS:
The
BD and ORG production systems positively influenced oleic fatty acid
and oil content in comparison to INT, which had higher levels of protein
and water content (19.8% and 4.7%, respectively), as well as linolenic
(3.8%), gadoleic (12.6%) and hexadecadienoic (15.5%) fatty acids.
Increases in the listed parameters were linked to mineral fertilizer
application in the INT production system. With principal component
analysis (PCA) the INT samples were clearly differentiated. The PCA
results were influenced by differences in linolenic, gadoleic and
behenic fatty acid levels as well as protein and water content.
CONCLUSION:
Because quality parameters in rapeseed are increased in alternative production systems, production with an understanding of the soil processes and yield formation presents an opportunity for ORG and BD farmers. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
KEYWORDS:
chemometrics; fatty acid composition; gas chromatography; near-infrared spectroscopy; organic farming; rapeseed
