Environ Microbiol. 2015 Aug;17(8):3039-50. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12910. Epub 2015 Jul 28.
- 1Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
- 2UMR Agroécologie INRA/Agrosup/u. Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon Cedex, France.
- 3UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- 4UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, INRA, Champenoux, France.
- 5Rue de la Forge, Tarsul, France.
- 6Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- 7Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Abstract
Truffles
are symbiotic fungi in high demand by food connoisseurs. Improving
yield and product quality requires a better understanding of truffle genetics and aroma biosynthesis. One aim here was to investigate the diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic structure of the Burgundy truffle Tuber aestivum. The second aim was to assess how genetic structuring along with fruiting body maturation and geographical origin influenced single constituents of truffle aroma. A total of 39 Burgundy truffles collected in two orchards were characterized in terms of aroma profile (SPME-GC/MS) and genotype (microsatellites). A moderate genetic differentiation was observed between the populations of the two orchards. An important seasonal and spatial genetic
structuring was detected. Within one orchard, individuals belonging to
the same genet were generally collected during a single season and in
the close vicinity from each other. Maximum genet size nevertheless
ranged from 46 to 92 m. Geographical origin or maturity only had minor
effects on aroma profiles but genetic
structuring, specifically clonal identity, had a pronounced influence
on the concentrations of C8 - and C4 -VOCs. Our results highlight a high
seasonal genetic turnover and indicate that the aroma of Burgundy truffle is influenced by the identity of single clones/genets.
© 2015 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
