Medical science and the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876: A re-examination of anti-vivisectionism in provincial Britain
Highlights
- •
- Provincial medical science influenced anti-vivisectionism in Victorian Britain.
- •
- The Cruelty to Animals Act (1876) significantly affected provincial medical research.
- •
- More attention needs to be paid to the differences between metropolitan and provincial science.
Abstract
The
Cruelty to Animals Act 1876 was an important but ambiguous piece of
legislation. For researchers it stymied British science, yet ensured
that vivisection could continue under certain restrictions. For
anti-vivisection protestors it was positive proof of the influence of
their campaigns, yet overly deferent to Britain's scientific elite. In
previous accounts of the Act and the rise of anti-vivisectionism,
scientific medicine central to these debates has been treated as
monolithic rather than a heterogeneous mix of approaches; and this has
gone hand-in-hand with the marginalizing of provincial practices, as
scholarship has focused largely on the ‘Golden Triangle’ of London,
Oxford and Cambridge. We look instead at provincial research: brain
studies from Wakefield and anthrax investigations in Bradford. The
former case elucidates a key role for specific medical science in
informing the anti-vivisection movement, whilst the latter demonstrates
how the Act affected the particular practices of provincial medical
scientists. It will be seen, therefore, how provincial medical practices
were both influential upon, and profoundly affected by, the growth of
anti-vivisectionism and the passing of the Act. This paper emphasises
how regional and varied medico-scientific practices were central to the
story of the creation and impact of the Cruelty to Animals Act.
Keywords
- Anti-vivisection;
- Wakefield;
- Bradford;
- Asylum;
- Anthrax;
- Ferrier
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
