Chemosphere. 2016 Sep 8;164:508-515. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.130. [Epub ahead of print]
- 1Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy
Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 28013-602,
Brazil. Electronic address: dayana_caldascardoso@yahoo.com.br.
- 2Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil.
- 3Laboratório
de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias
Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 28013-602, Brazil.
Abstract
This
study evaluated the levels of As, Cd, and Pb in muscle and liver the
cattle and chicken. The risk was estimated for the adult population of a
midsized city in southeast Brazil, concerning the tolerable ingestion
and cancer risk. Samples of muscle and liver (cattle and chicken) were
collected (n = 250). Samples of mineral supplements for cattle (n = 4)
and chicken feed samples (n = 4) were evaluated as one of many potential
source of contamination. Muscle, liver, mineral supplement, and feed
samples were dissolved in acid medium and analyzed by ICP-OES. Daily
muscle and liver intake was estimated using a questionnaire (N = 427).
Daily intake of trace elements by the population based on the
consumption of cattle muscle, cattle liver, chicken muscle, and chicken
liver was low, corresponding to 2.76%, 0.33%, 2.12%, and 0.22% of the
Tolerable Intake defined by the WHO for As; 0.54%, 0.29% 0.55%, 0.01%,
for Cd; and 0.80%, 0.07%, 0.62%, 0.02%, for Pb. The mean of total
ingestion of As, Cd and Pb was 5.43%, 1.18% and 1.51%, respectively of
Tolerable Intake defined by WHO. Cancer risk was lower than 5 × 10-5 year-1.
The results indicate that the muscle and liver consumption is a source
of As, Cd, and Pb. Consumers that ingest cattle and chicken muscle need
attention in terms the risk of cancer related to intake of As and Cd.
Feed and mineral supplementation remain as one of many sources of
exposure of As, Cd, and Pb.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Arsenic; Cadmium; Cattle liver; Cattle muscle; Chicken liver; Lead
