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Cheryl, 4 of your publications were cited
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New citations
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Diversity of flora used for the cure of equine diseases in selected peri-urban areas of Punjab, Pakistan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Plants have widely been used and documented for their therapeutic potential in many parts of the world. There are, however, few reports on the use of plants for the treatment of diseases of equines. To this end, participatory epidemiology and rapid rural appraisal techniques were used to document the plants having pharmacotherapeutic significance against different ailments of equines in selected population of Punjab, Pakistan.
METHODS:
A survey was conducted to interview a total of 450 respondents (150 from each of the districts of Faisalabad, Lahore and Sargodha of Pakistan) to collect information about disease recognition of the equines and their treatment on a well - structured questionnaire. A total of 60 plants belonging to 40 families were documented. An inventory was developed depicting detailed information of plants used in treatment of different conditions of equines.
RESULTS:
The top ten species of plants used were: Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Vernonia anthelmintica, Capsicum annum, Brassica campestris, Trachyspermum ammi, Anethum graveolens, Picrorhiza kurroa, Azadirachta indica, and Citrullus colocynthis. Seeds were the most frequently used (n = 16/60) parts, followed by leaves (n = 12/60) and fruits (n = 11/60) of plants. Based on the combination of different parts of plants used in different ratios and variation in their dose or mode of preparation led to a large number of recipes/remedies against wounds, lameness, bronchitis, colic, anorexia, dermatitis, weakness, parasitism (internal and external), fever, heat stress, urine retention, swelling, toxemia, and indigestion.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study generated lot of data on phytomedicinal approach for the treatment of ailments in the equines in some selected areas. It would, therefore, be imperative to expand similar studies in other parts of Pakistan and elsewhere. Moreover, use of the documented plants may be validated employing standard scientific procedures, which may have their application in the drug discovery/development by the pharmaceutical industry.
- PMID:
- 24283263
- [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- PMCID:
- PMC3851199
Free PMC Article
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| Cited in 1 publication: |
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Applications of the phytomedicine Echinacea purpurea (Purple Coneflower) in infectious diseases.
Abstract
Extracts of Echinacea purpurea (EP, purple coneflower) have been used traditionally in North America for the treatment of various types of infections and wounds, and they have become very popular herbal medicines globally. Recent studies have revealed that certain standardized preparations contain potent and selective antiviral and antimicrobial activities. In addition, they display multiple immune-modulatory activities, comprising stimulation of certain immune functions such as phagocytic activity of macrophages and suppression of the proinflammatory responses of epithelial cells to viruses and bacteria, which are manifested as alterations in secretion of various cytokines and chemokines. These immune modulations result from upregulation or downregulation of the relevant genes and their transcription factors. All these bioactivities can be demonstrated at noncytotoxic concentrations of extract and appear to be due to multiple components rather than the individual chemical compounds that characterize Echinacea extracts. Potentialapplications of the bioactive extracts may go beyond their traditional uses.
- PMID:
- 22131823
- [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- PMCID:
- PMC3205674
Free PMC Article
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| Cited in 3 publications: |
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| Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial activity of plant parts
of Ageratum conyzoides extracted using different solvents
*Diepreye Ere1
, Kemebradikumo Pondei2
, Queen Inaibo1 and Langley Orutugu2
1Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Niger Delta University, Amassoma,
Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
2Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health
Sciences, Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Received: 19 September 2014; Revised: 04 October 2014; Accepted: 11 October 2014
Abstract: Ageratum Conyzoides (Goat Weed) an annual herbaceous plant of the family
Astreracae, is locally used against a variety of illnesses. However, there is little
scientific documentation of the potency of this long-life flowering plant. Pure cultures
of clinical isolates of Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi,
Proteus mirabilis, Psuedomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were used to
investigate the antimicrobial activity of Ageratum conyzoides. Mueller Hinton agar
diffusion method was used in determining the antimicrobial effects of the various
extracts of the plant parts. Extracts of the stem and root showed significant sensitivity
(P<0.5), while the leaf extract exhibited the weakest. The methanol extracts showed
the highest degree of activity against the clinical isolates tested. The phytochemical
screening of the plant under study revealed the presence of major metabolites such as
cardiac glycosides, steroids, terpenoids and flavonoids which were present in different
proportions which may have been responsible for the p |
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Pharmacogn Rev. 2014 Jul-Dec; 8(16): 156–162.
Pharmacological aspects of Nerium indicum Mill: A comprehensive review
Abstract
Phytomedicine is the oldest medical practice known to man. Since the dawn of mankind, various plant resources are used to cure different diseases and also for a long and healthy life. The ancient knowledge of plant based medicine has transferred from generations to generations and accumulated as ethnopharmacological knowledge among different ethnic groups. India is the spanning bed of traditional phytomedicinal system where Ayurveda was born out of the knowledge of traditional medicine. In various other countries of South-Eastern Asia, South America, and in Arabian countries, still today, a great number of people rely primarily on phytomedicines to cure diseases. In the complementary and alternative medicinal systems, Nerium indicum is one such plant which is famed for its therapeutic efficiency in different diseases globally. In the present time, when the pharmaceutical companies are concentrating more toward the plant based traditional medicines to avoid the side-effects and resistance against synthetic drugs, N. indicum has proved its efficiency in different disease models. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the medicinal and pharmacological activities of different parts of the plant N. indicum.
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Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012; 2012: 202508.
Natural Products from Ethnodirected Studies: Revisiting the Ethnobiology of the Zombie Poison
Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque, 1 ,* Joabe Gomes Melo, 1 Maria Franco Medeiros, 1 Irwin Rose Menezes, 2 Geraldo Jorge Moura, 3 Ana Carla Asfora El-Deir, 4 Rômulo Romeu Alves, 5 Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros, 1 Thiago Antonio de Sousa Araújo, 1 Marcelo Alves Ramos, 1 Rafael Ricardo Silva, 1Alyson Luiz Almeida, 1 and Cecília de Fátima Castelo Almeida 1
Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►
Abstract
Wade Davis's study of Haitian “zombification” in the 1980s was a landmark in ethnobiological research. His research was an attempt to trace the origins of reports of “undead” Haitians, focusing on the preparation of the zombification poison. Starting with this influential ethnopharmacological research, this study examines advances in the pharmacology of natural products, focusing especially on those of animal-derived products. Ethnopharmacological, pharmacological, and chemical aspects are considered. We also update information on the animal species that reportedly constitute the zombie poison. Several components of the zombie powder are not unique to Haiti and are used as remedies in traditional medicine worldwide. This paper emphasizes the medicinal potential of products from zootherapy. These biological products are promising sources for the development of new drugs.
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.
Abstract
Wade Davis's study of Haitian “zombification” in the 1980s was a landmark in ethnobiological research. His research was an attempt to trace the origins of reports of “undead” Haitians, focusing on the preparation of the zombification poison. Starting with this influential ethnopharmacological research, this study examines advances in the pharmacology of natural products, focusing especially on those of animal-derived products. Ethnopharmacological, pharmacological, and chemical aspects are considered. We also update information on the animal species that reportedly constitute the zombie poison. Several components of the zombie powder are not unique to Haiti and are used as remedies in traditional medicine worldwide. This paper emphasizes the medicinal potential of products from zootherapy. These biological products are promising sources for the development of new drugs.
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| Cited in 5 publications: |
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Mycobiology. 2014 Mar; 42(1): 34–40.
Three New Non-reducing Polyketide Synthase Genes from the Lichen-Forming Fungus Usnea longissima
Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►
Abstract
Usnea longissima has a long history of use as a traditional medicine. Several bioactive compounds, primarily belonging to the polyketide family, have been isolated from U. longissima. However, the genes for the biosynthesis of these compounds are yet to be identified. In the present study, three different types of non-reducing polyketide synthases (UlPKS2, UlPKS4, and UlPKS6) were identified from a cultured lichen-forming fungus of U. longissima. Phylogenetic analysis of product template domains showed that UlPKS2 and UlPKS4 belong to group IV, which includes the non-reducing polyketide synthases with an methyltransferase (MeT) domain that are involved in methylorcinol-based compound synthesis; UlPKS6 was found to belong to group I, which includes the non-reducing polyketide synthases that synthesize single aromatic ring polyketides, such as orsellinic acid. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis demonstrated that UlPKS2 and UlPKS4 were upregulated by sucrose; UlPKS6 was downregulated by asparagine, glycine, and alanine.
Keywords: Fungal non-reducing polyketide synthase, Lichen forming-fungi, mRNA expression, Usnea longissima
Abstract
Usnea longissima has a long history of use as a traditional medicine. Several bioactive compounds, primarily belonging to the polyketide family, have been isolated from U. longissima. However, the genes for the biosynthesis of these compounds are yet to be identified. In the present study, three different types of non-reducing polyketide synthases (UlPKS2, UlPKS4, and UlPKS6) were identified from a cultured lichen-forming fungus of U. longissima. Phylogenetic analysis of product template domains showed that UlPKS2 and UlPKS4 belong to group IV, which includes the non-reducing polyketide synthases with an methyltransferase (MeT) domain that are involved in methylorcinol-based compound synthesis; UlPKS6 was found to belong to group I, which includes the non-reducing polyketide synthases that synthesize single aromatic ring polyketides, such as orsellinic acid. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis demonstrated that UlPKS2 and UlPKS4 were upregulated by sucrose; UlPKS6 was downregulated by asparagine, glycine, and alanine.
Keywords: Fungal non-reducing polyketide synthase, Lichen forming-fungi, mRNA expression, Usnea longissima
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Ir Vet J. 2014 Mar 1;67(1):6. doi: 10.1186/2046-0481-67-6.
Ethnoveterinary study of medicinal plants in Malakand Valley, District Dir (Lower), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The Malakand valley of District Dir (Lower) is endowed with a diverse plant wealth.Ethnoveterinary knowledge provides the traditional medicines of livestock that are cheaper than standard treatment and are easily accessible.
METHODS:
The present study was conducted to document the traditional knowledge ofethnoveterinary practices in Malakand valley, District Dir (Lower). Data was collected from February 2012 to January 2013 by interviewing 120 inhabitants through semi-structured questionnaires. Different questions were asked to collect appropriate data regarding the use of plants for livestock treatment. Direct matrix ranking (DMR) was carried out to find out the use diversity of medicinalplants.
FINDINGS:
A total of 28 plants belonging to 23 families were collected and identified for the treatment of livestock in the study area. Majority of the plants were collected from wild (68%) habitat and very few from cultivated sources. The leaves (28%) were identified as the major plant part for herbal preparations. The most frequent ailments of livestocks in the study area were stomach disorders and Charmaikh (local disease name). Various ingredients were used along withethnoveterinary medicines i.e. sugar, flour, milk etc. The elder people of the village had a rich knowledge as compared to the young generation. According to DMR output, Monotheca buxifolia ranked first and Dalbergia sisso and Melia azedarach ranked second due to high multipurpose uses among all species and was found most threatened in the study area.
CONCLUSION:
It has been concluded that the native of the region heavily dependent on medicinalplants for the treatment of variety of livestock ailments. Traditional knowledge always provides a baseline for further phytochemical and pharmacological investigation. The documentation of theethnoveterinary practices in study area was necessary before this precious knowledge is lost forever due to rapid socioeconomic, environmental and technological changes.
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Ethnobotanical knowledge on indigenous fruits in Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions in Northern Namibia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Indigenous communities in Namibia possess a rich indigenous knowledgeexpressed within many practices of these communities. Indigenous wild edible fruits are available along the Namibian 13 regions of which it forms a rich source of vitamins, fibres, minerals and a heterogeneous collection of bioactive compounds referred to as phytochemicals for indigenouspeople's diet. The aim of this study was to record the different IKS practices on the indigenous fruit trees in Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions of Namibia.
METHODS:
An ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to collect information from local communities from 23-29 October 2011. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires and personal interviews during field trips in the Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions. A total of 65 respondents were interviewed; 54%; women, 38%; men and 8%; both in group interviews.
RESULTS:
The majority of the people interviewed were in their thirty's, with the youngest being 18 years old and the oldest being 98 years old. Forty three plant specimens were collected from the two regions; these specimens belong to 20 genera and 25 species. Regarding to the indigenousknowledge; 87%; of the respondents indicated that their knowledge on indigenous fruits was learnt mainly through their parent. Indigenous people's perception on declining indigenous fruits revealed that 56.3%; of the respondents reported that indigenous fruits were declining. Only a 42.2%; indicated that the indigenous fruits populations are increasing. Regarding to the management practices to improve the production of these indigenous fruit trees; 38.6%; reported that there are some efforts on management practices; on the other hand 61.4%; reported there are no management practices on the indigenous fruit trees in their areas. Four species were found to be the most frequently used and mentioned fruits which need to be given high preference in terms of conservation are: Berchemia discolor, Hyphaene petersiana, Sclerocarya birrea and Diospyros mespiliformis. The following diseases and ailments have been reported to be treated by theindigenous fruit trees which include: toothache, diarrhoea, cough, tonsillitis, burns, skin allergy, stomach ache, snake bit, constipation, etc. 28%; of the respondents mentioned an ethno-veterinary use(s) of these fruits, e.g. the use of the Ziziphus mucronata roots to treat diarrhoea in cattle, the bark of eembe (Berchemia discolor) to treat calf weakness.
CONCLUSIONS:
The local communities in Oshikoto and Ohangwena regions have relatively goodknowledge and practices regarding the indigenous fruit. This study enhances our understanding on the indigenous fruit in Namibia and their uses by local communities.
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