Volume 13, March 2015, Pages 137–147
Standardized rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract induces Nrf2/sestrin-2 pathway in colon cancer cells
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Highlights
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- Benefits to gastrointestinal health of rosemary extract, a natural food preservative, are proposed.
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- The mechanism relies on the activation of Nrf2 signaling.
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- An indirect activation of Nrf2 by activation of PERK is proposed.
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- Carnosic acid is proposed to be one of the active ingredients in the rosemary extract.
Abstract
Rosemary
and its polyphenolic diterpene, carnosic acid, are known to possess
antioxidant activity and are used as a natural antioxidant food
preservative. The intake of vegetables and certain plant components has
been reported to play a major role in promoting gastrointestinal health.
In the current study, the anticancer activity of rosemary extract and
carnosic acid was evaluated to understand the potential implications on
gastrointestinal health. We also evaluated the anti-cancer activity of
rosemary extract in a nude mouse model. Rosemary extract and carnosic
acid, increased apoptosis, and decreased viability in colon cancer cell
lines. Rosemary extract and carnosic acid significantly upregulated the
expression of Nrf2 in colon cells and inhibited a HCT116 xenograft tumor
formation in mice. These results are especially significant as rosemary
extract is increasingly being incorporated into food products across
the United States and Europe as a food preservative.
Keywords
- Rosemary;
- Carnosic acid;
- Colon cancer;
- Nrf2;
- Sestrin
- Corresponding
author. Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy,
University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL
60612-7230, USA. Tel.:
+1 312 996 4368; fax: +(312) 996-0379.
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
