Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences (SJAMS) ISSN 2320-6691 (Online)
Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., 2014; 2(6E):3185-3192 ISSN 2347-954X (Print)
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Research Article
Studies on Inhibitory Effects of Extract of Vernonia amygdalina Used in
Traditional Poultry Farming against Some Bacteria Isolated from Poultry
Droppings
Muhammad, A.B.
1*
, Doko, H.I.M2
., Ibrahim, A1
., Abdullahi B2
., Yahaya H1
., Sharfadi, R. S1
1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Bayero University, Kano P.M.B. 3011,
Kano Nigeria
2Department of Microbiology, faculty of science, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
*Corresponding author
Muhammad, A.B
Email: abmmakarfi@gmail.com
Abstract: Recent findings have incriminated the use of antibiotics in poultry feeds to be associated with emergence of
resistance among bacteria. The use of traditional plants remedies has not been found to be associated with resistance.
This work determined the inhibitory effects of extracts of Vernonia amygdalina used in traditional poultry farming
against Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, Proteus sp, Pseudomonas sp and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from poultry
droppings. The method of maceration was adopted to extract the plant materials with methanol (70%) and sterile water as
solvents for the extraction. About one gram of each sample (poultry dropping) was diluted in selenite F broth and another
one gram each was inoculated directly onto Salmonella-shigella agar, blue green agar, McConkey agar, manitol salt agar
and eosin methylene blue agar (EMB). After an overnight incubation at 37oC for 24hrs plates were read. Typical colonies
were grams Stained using Standard procedures, consequent upon that, the isolated organisms were subjected to
biochemical test. The only Gram positive organism isolated was further confirmed to be S. aureus by catalase and
coagulase tests. Bioassay of the isolates was conducted and further Subjected to the plant extract, using agar well
diffusion method and conventional antibiotics using disc diffusion (Kirby bouer). Findings shows significant effect of the
plant extract on the isolated bacteria and also indicated that it can serve as an alternative to conventional antibiotics as
used in traditional poultry production in Nigeria. In addition, small scale farmers can utilize this plant extract for
sustainable poultry production. This practice can also go a long way in minimizing Emergence of resistance strains of
bacteria in human diseases since drugs derived from plants are safe and dependable, compared to synthetic drugs.
Keywords: Vernonia amygdalina, Extract, Poultry droppings, Isolated organisms, McConkey agar
