2014, Pages 393–408
Volume 1: Polyphenols in Chronic Diseases and their Mechanisms of Action
Chapter 29 – Polyphenols Suppress and Modulate Inflammation: Possible Roles in Health and Disease
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Epidemiological
evidence supports the claim that diets rich in polyphenols lead to a
relative improvement in aging. In fact, it has been reported that
healthy centenarians show low levels of inflammatory biomarkers, and
polyphenols as anti-inflammatory agents may prevent chronic diseases and
extend human life. The objective of the current chapter is to summarize
the key findings and progresses made in polyphenols, which exert as
anti-inflammatory ingredients in numerous chronic diseases, such as
cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, cancer, and
neurodegenerative disorders. Special emphasis is placed on highlighting
the key effects of polyphenols on the cellular redox system, arachidonic
acid metabolisim (phospholipase A, cyclooxygenase, and lipoxygenase),
nitric oxide synthase, proinflammatory molecules (cytokines, chemokines,
adhesion molecules, and C-reactive protein), and inflammatory gene
expression (transcription factors NF-κB, AP-1, STAT-1, and C/EBP;
nuclear molecules PPAR, PARP, CBP, p300 (HAT) and HDACs; and protein
kinases).
Keywords
- Aging;
- chronic diseases;
- health;
- inflammation;
- polyphenol
Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
