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Wednesday, 6 May 2015

Ginkgo biloba in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. A randomized, placebo-controlled, trial

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
Volume 21, Issue 2, May 2015, Pages 61–67

Ginkgo biloba in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. A randomized, placebo-controlled, trial


doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.04.001
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Highlights

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Children and adolescents with ADHD received methylphenidate plus either Ginkgo biloba or placebo for 6 weeks.
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G. biloba improved inattention symptoms but has no significant effects on hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms.
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G. biloba increased the clinical treatment response rate of methylphenidate by 35%.
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Side effects of G. biloba were limited and mild.
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The G. biloba is an effective and safe complementary treatment for ADHD.

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba as a complementary therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods

Children and adolescents with ADHD received methylphenidate (20–30 mg/day) plus either G. biloba (80–120 mg/day) or placebo for 6 weeks. Parent and teacher forms of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV) were completed at baseline, week 2, and week 6. Treatment response was defined as 27% improvement from baseline in the ADHD-RS-IV.

Results

Compared with placebo, more reduction was observed with G. biloba regarding ADHD-RS-IV parent rating inattention score (−7.74 ± 1.94 vs. −5.34 ± 1.85, P < 0.001) and total score (−13.1 ± 3.36 vs. −10.2 ± 3.01, P = 0.001) as well as teacher rating inattention score (−7.29 ± 1.90 vs. −5.96 ± 1.52, P = 0.004). Response rate was higher with G. biloba compared with placebo based on parent rating (93.5% vs. 58.6%, P = 0.002).

Conclusions

The G. biloba is an effective complementary treatment for ADHD. Further studies with longer treatment duration are warranted in this regard. IRCT2014111519958N1.

Keywords

  • Ginkgo biloba;
  • Complementary therapies;
  • Herbal medicine;
  • Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity;
  • Methylphenidate

Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, Noor Hospital, Ferdosi Avenue, Isfahan, Iran. Tel.: +98 937 482 6983; fax: +98 313 668 5145.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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