Volume 117, Issue 2, March 2015, Pages 188–195
Influence of dietary supplementation with flaxseed and lactobacilli on the cells of local innate immunity response in the jejunal mucosa in piglets after weaning
Abstract
A histological study was designed to determine the influence of flaxseed and/or lactobacilli
inclusion in the diet of piglets from 10 days before to 21 days after
weaning. The selected inflammatory cell population incidence in the
piglet jejunal mucosa was investigated. Significantly higher numbers of
myeloperoxidase-positive (P < 0.01) and CD163-positive (P < 0.001) cells in the jejunal mucosa were recorded on the weaning day and for 7 days after (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01,
respectively) in the flaxseed group compared with the basal diet. The
number of intraepithelial lymphocytes was also significantly increased
until 3 days after weaning (P < 0.001). A prolonged
significant increase in the myeloperoxidase-positive cells and
intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers in the flaxseed + lactobacilli group was detected. In contrast, the number of CD163-positive cells in the flaxseed + lactobacilli group was significantly lower on the day of weaning (P < 0.05) and 3 days after (P < 0.01). The same effect was observed in the group with lactobacilli alone during the first 3 days after weaning (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and these findings indicate down-regulation of CD163 expression in the jejunal mucosa by lactobacilli. The presence of lactobacilli in the diet had a stimulatory effect on goblet cell quantity in the epithelium (P < 0.001) and a distinct 50% reduction in the flaxseed group (P < 0.01)
compared with the basal diet was observed on the weaning day. A
significant increase in myeloperoxidase-positive cell number in the
jejunal mucosa in the flaxseed + lactobacilli group was the only significant difference (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01,
respectively) found 21 days after weaning in comparison with all the
other groups, indicating the pro-inflammatory effect of this feed
additive combination. We conclude that dietary supplementation with
flaxseed and lactobacilli on the cells of local innate immunity
response in the jejunal mucosa in piglets after weaning might be linked
with significant anti-inflammatory effects in the jejunal mucosa.
Abbreviations
- F, flaxseed;
- FL, probiotic cheeses + flaxseed;
- GC, goblet cells;
- IEL, intraepithelial lymphocytes;
- MPO, myeloperoxidase;
- PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids;
- PW, post-weaning;
- S, sunflower oil;
- SL, probiotic cheeses + sunflower oil;
- WD, weaning day
Keywords
- Piglet;
- Weaning;
- Intestinal mucosa;
- Inflammatory cells;
- Lactobacilli;
- Flaxseed
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