Review
Kaempferol and inflammation: From chemistry to medicine
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Abstract
Inflammation
is an important process of human healing response, wherein the tissues
respond to injuries induced by many agents including pathogens. It is
characterized by pain, redness and heat in the injured tissues. Chronic
inflammation seems to be associated with different types of diseases
such as arthritis, allergies, atherosclerosis, and even cancer. In
recent years natural product based drugs are considered as the novel
therapeutic strategy for prevention and treatment of inflammatory
diseases. Among the different types of phyto-constituents present in
natural products, flavonoids which occur in many vegetable foods and
herbal medicines are considered as the most active constituent, which
has the potency to ameliorate inflammation under both in vitro and in vivo
conditions. Kaempferol is a natural flavonol present in different plant
species, which has been described to possess potent anti-inflammatory
properties. Despite the voluminous literature on the anti-inflammatory
effects of kaempferol, only very limited review articles has been
published on this topic. Hence the present review is aimed to provide a
critical overview on the anti-inflammatory effects and the mechanisms of
action of kaempferol, based on the current scientific literature. In
addition, emphasis is also given on the chemistry, natural sources,
bioavailability and toxicity of kaempferol.
Graphical abstract
Keywords
- Anti-inflammatory activity;
- Flavonoids;
- Kaempferol;
- Pro-inflammatory cytokines
- Corresponding author. Tel.:
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- Corresponding author. Tel.: +98 21 88617712; fax: +98 21 88617712.
- 1
- These two authors share the senior authorship.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
