Abstract
Croatia’s versatile plant use traditions are still not
sufficiently documented. The aim of this study was to record local
traditions of wild food plant use on the Dubrovnik coast. We interviewed
40 inhabitants of 23 villages, mainly knowledgeable informants. On
average 19 species were listed, which in total produced an inventory of
95 food plant species (including species whose leaves or inflorescences
are used as recreational teas).
The most commonly collected are: Sonchus oleraceus and S. asper, Asparagus acutifolius, Dioscorea communis, Cichorium intybus, Crepis zacintha, Allium ampeloprasum, Picris echioides and Foeniculum vulgare (all of them used as vegetables), the fruits of Rubus ulmifolius (mainly eaten raw), the fruits of roses (Rosa sempervirens and R. canina) and the leaves of Salvia officinalis (both roses and salvia are used for making recreational teas). A particular feature of the local gastronomy is the collection of young Ruscus aculeatus shoots.
The most commonly collected are: Sonchus oleraceus and S. asper, Asparagus acutifolius, Dioscorea communis, Cichorium intybus, Crepis zacintha, Allium ampeloprasum, Picris echioides and Foeniculum vulgare (all of them used as vegetables), the fruits of Rubus ulmifolius (mainly eaten raw), the fruits of roses (Rosa sempervirens and R. canina) and the leaves of Salvia officinalis (both roses and salvia are used for making recreational teas). A particular feature of the local gastronomy is the collection of young Ruscus aculeatus shoots.
Keywords
ethnobotany; wild vegetables; wild edible plants; foraging
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Redzić S. Use of wild and semi-wild edible plants in nutrition and survival of people in 1430 days of siege of Sarajevo during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995). Coll Antropol. 2010;34(2):551–570.
Łuczaj Ł, ZovkoKončić M, Miličević T, Dolina K, Pandža M. Wild vegetable mixes sold in the markets of Dalmatia (southern Croatia). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9(1):2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-2
Łuczaj Ł, Fressel N, Perković S. Wild food plants used in the villages of the Lake Vrana Nature Park (northern Dalmatia, Croatia). Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2013;82(4):275–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2013.036
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Grlić L. Enciklopedija samoniklog jestivog bilja. Zagreb: August Cesarec; 1986.
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Šugar I. Hrvatski biljni imenoslov. Nomenclator botanicus Croaticus. Zagreb: Matica Hrvatska; 2008.
Harris R. Dubrovnik: a history. London: Saqi Books; 2006.
Dolina K. Forecasting of airborne pollen seasons in the Mediterranean region of Croatia [PhD thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of science, Department of Biology; 2012.
Rivas-Martínez S, Penas A, Díaz TE. Biogeographic map of Europe. Cartographic service. León: University of León; 2004. Available from: http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/form/bg_med.htm
Trinajstić I. Plantgeographical division of forest vegetation of Croatia. Zagreb: Razred za prirodne znanosti, Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti; 1995. (Annales Forestales; vol 20/2).
American Anthropological Association Code of Ethics [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2013 Sep 10]; Available from: http://www.aaanet.org/issues/policy-advocacy/upload/AAA-Ethics-Code-2009.pdf
International Society of Ethnobiology Code of Ethics (with 2008 additions) [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2013 Sep 10]; Available from: http://ethnobiology.net/code-of-ethics/
Iveković F, Broz I. Rječnik hrvatskoga jezika. Zagreb: Štamparija Karla Albrechta; 1901.
Kovačić S, Nikolić L, Ruščić M, Milović M, Stamenković V, Mihelj D, et al. Flora jadranske obale i otoka. Zagreb: Školska knjiga; 2008.
Dogan Y. Traditionally used wild edible greens in the Aegean Region of Turkey. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):329–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.037
Lentini F, Venza F. Wild food plants of popular use in Sicily. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2007;3(1):15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-15
Dreon AL, Paoletti MG. The wild food (plants and insects) in Western Friuli local knowledge (Friuli-Venezia Giulia, North Eastern Italy). Contrib Nat Hist. 2009;12:461–488.
Pericin C. Erbe di campo nella cucina istriana e la saggezza dei proverbi. La Ricerca. 1999;25–26:13–16.
Sõukand R, Quave CL, Pieroni A, Pardo-de-Santayana M, Tardío J, Kalle R, et al. Plants used for making recreational tea in Europe: a review based on specific research sites. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9(1):58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-58
Łuczaj Ł. Changes in the utilization of wild green vegetables in Poland since the 19th century: a comparison of four ethnobotanical surveys. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;128(2):395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.038
The Plant List: a working list of all plant species [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2014 Sep 10]; Available from: http://www.theplantlist.
Ghirardini M, Carli M, del Vecchio N, Rovati A, Cova O, Valigi F, et al. The importance of a taste. A comparative study on wild food plant consumption in twenty-one local communities in Italy. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2007;3(1):22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-22
Tardio J, Pardo-De-Santayana M, Morales R. Ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants in Spain. Bot J Linn Soc. 2006;152(1):27–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00549.x
Bonet MÀ, Vallès J. Use of non-crop food vascular plants in Montseny biosphere reserve (Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula). Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2002;53(3):225–248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637480220132841
Leonti M, Nebel S, Rivera D, Heinrich M. Wild gathered food plants in the European Mediterranean: a comparative analysis. Econ Bot. 2006;60(2):130–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1663/0013-0001(2006)60[130:WGFPIT]2.0.CO;2
Łuczaj Ł, Pieroni A, Tardío J, Pardo-de-Santayana M, Sõukand R, Svanberg I, et al. Wild food plant use in 21st century Europe: the disappearance of old traditions and the search for new cuisines involving wild edibles. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):359–370. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.031
Łuczaj Ł. Dziko rosnące rośliny jadalne użytkowane w Polsce od połowy XIX w. do czasów współczesnych. Etnobiologia Pol. 2011;1:57–125.
Kalle R, Sõukand R. Historical ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants of Estonia (1770s–1960s). Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):271–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.033
Dénes A, Papp N, Babai D, Czúcz B, Molnár Z. Wild plants used for food by Hungarian ethnic groups living in the Carpathian Basin. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):381–396. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.040
Łuczaj Ł. Ethnobotanical review of wild edible plants of Slovakia. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):245–255. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.030
Svanberg I. The use of wild plants as food in pre-industrial Sweden. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):317–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.039
Redžić S. Wild edible plants and their traditional use in the human nutrition in Bosnia‐Herzegovina. Ecol Food Nutr. 2006;45(3):189–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670240600648963
Łuczaj Ł, Köhler P, Pirożnikow E, Graniszewska M, Pieroni A, Gervasi T. Wild edible plants of Belarus: from Rostafiński’s questionnaire of 1883 to the present. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9(1):21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-21
Pieroni A, Giusti ME. The remedies of the folk medicine of the Croatians living in Ćićarija, northern Istria. Coll Antropol. 2008;32(2):623–627.
Šavikin K, Zdunić G, Menković N, Živković J, Ćujić N, Tereščenko M, et al. Ethnobotanical study on traditional use of medicinal plants in South-Western Serbia, Zlatibor district. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;146(3):803–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.02.006
Rexhepi B, Mustafa B, Hajdari A, Rushidi-Rexhepi J, Quave CL, Pieroni A. Traditional medicinal plant knowledge among Albanians, Macedonians and Gorani in the Sharr Mountains (Republic of Macedonia). Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2013;60(7):2055–2080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-013-9974-3
Zlatković BK, Bogosavljević SS, Radivojević AR, Pavlović MA. Traditional use of the native medicinal plant resource of Mt. Rtanj (eastern Serbia): ethnobotanical evaluation and comparison. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;151(1):704–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.037
Pieroni A, Rexhepi B, Nedelcheva A, Hajdari A, Mustafa B, Kolosova V, et al. One century later: the folk botanical knowledge of the last remaining Albanians of the upper Reka Valley, Mount Korab, Western Macedonia. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9(1):1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-22
Redzić S. Use of wild and semi-wild edible plants in nutrition and survival of people in 1430 days of siege of Sarajevo during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995). Coll Antropol. 2010;34(2):551–570.
Łuczaj Ł, ZovkoKončić M, Miličević T, Dolina K, Pandža M. Wild vegetable mixes sold in the markets of Dalmatia (southern Croatia). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9(1):2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-2
Łuczaj Ł, Fressel N, Perković S. Wild food plants used in the villages of the Lake Vrana Nature Park (northern Dalmatia, Croatia). Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2013;82(4):275–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2013.036
Bakić J, Popović M. Nekonvencionalni izvori u ishrani na otocima i priobalju u toku NOR-a. Beograd. Beograd: Izd. Mornaričkog glasnika; 1983.
Grlić L. Enciklopedija samoniklog jestivog bilja. Rijeka: Ex Libris; 2005.
Grlić L. Enciklopedija samoniklog jestivog bilja. Zagreb: August Cesarec; 1986.
Sardelić S. Samoniklo jestivo bilje – mišanca, gruda, parapač… Wild edible herbs – Mišanca, Gruda, Parapač... Etnološka Istraživanja. 2008;1(12–13):387–396.
Šugar I. Hrvatski biljni imenoslov. Nomenclator botanicus Croaticus. Zagreb: Matica Hrvatska; 2008.
Harris R. Dubrovnik: a history. London: Saqi Books; 2006.
Dolina K. Forecasting of airborne pollen seasons in the Mediterranean region of Croatia [PhD thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of science, Department of Biology; 2012.
Rivas-Martínez S, Penas A, Díaz TE. Biogeographic map of Europe. Cartographic service. León: University of León; 2004. Available from: http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/form/bg_med.htm
Trinajstić I. Plantgeographical division of forest vegetation of Croatia. Zagreb: Razred za prirodne znanosti, Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti; 1995. (Annales Forestales; vol 20/2).
American Anthropological Association Code of Ethics [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2013 Sep 10]; Available from: http://www.aaanet.org/issues/policy-advocacy/upload/AAA-Ethics-Code-2009.pdf
International Society of Ethnobiology Code of Ethics (with 2008 additions) [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2013 Sep 10]; Available from: http://ethnobiology.net/code-of-ethics/
Iveković F, Broz I. Rječnik hrvatskoga jezika. Zagreb: Štamparija Karla Albrechta; 1901.
Kovačić S, Nikolić L, Ruščić M, Milović M, Stamenković V, Mihelj D, et al. Flora jadranske obale i otoka. Zagreb: Školska knjiga; 2008.
Dogan Y. Traditionally used wild edible greens in the Aegean Region of Turkey. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 2012;81(4):329–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2012.037
Lentini F, Venza F. Wild food plants of popular use in Sicily. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2007;3(1):15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-3-15
Dreon AL, Paoletti MG. The wild food (plants and insects) in Western Friuli local knowledge (Friuli-Venezia Giulia, North Eastern Italy). Contrib Nat Hist. 2009;12:461–488.
Pericin C. Erbe di campo nella cucina istriana e la saggezza dei proverbi. La Ricerca. 1999;25–26:13–16.
Sõukand R, Quave CL, Pieroni A, Pardo-de-Santayana M, Tardío J, Kalle R, et al. Plants used for making recreational tea in Europe: a review based on specific research sites. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9(1):58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-9-58
Łuczaj Ł. Changes in the utilization of wild green vegetables in Poland since the 19th century: a comparison of four ethnobotanical surveys. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;128(2):395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.01.038
The Plant List: a working list of all plant species [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2014 Sep 10]; Available from: http://www.theplantlist.
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