Volume 161, 15 October 2014, Pages 345–352
Development and optimisation of a non conventional extraction process of natural dye from olive solid waste using response surface methodology (RSM)
- Received 16 January 2014, Revised 20 March 2014, Accepted 22 March 2014, Available online 6 April 2014
Highlights
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- The olive solid waste contains huge reserves of natural dyes.
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- Alkaline extraction process was developed in order to produce a natural dye.
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- Extraction conditions on total phenolics and color yield were investigated.
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- Optimisation of the alkaline extraction was achieved using response surface design.
Abstract
Dyes obtained from different natural sources have emerged as an important alternative to synthetic dyes.
In
this study, optimisation of natural colorant non-conventional
extraction technique from olive waste was investigated using response
surface methodology. The combined effects of extraction conditions on
total phenolic content (TPC) and relative color strength (K/S)
were studied using a three-level three-factor Box–Behnken design. The
optimum conditions for dye extraction were found to be 0.14 mol/L,
62.11 min, 71.23 °C and 4.5 g for sodium hydroxide concentration,
extraction time, temperature, and mass of the waste, respectively.
The
efficiency of extraction under these optimum conditions was found to be
1133.86 mg/L of phenolics and relative colour strength (K/S)
equal to 23.22. Further, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was
used to identify the major chemical groups in the extracted dye.
Keywords
- Olive waste;
- Extraction;
- Response surface methodology;
- Optimisation
- Corresponding author. Tel.:
+216 73500280; fax: +216 73500278.
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