Common Ectoparasites of Ostrich (Struthiocamelus) and their Control-A Review

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Mohammed B.R. and Malang S.K., Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci., 3(10),23-29(2015) View Abstract Abstract Parasitic diseases generally constitute major impediments on husbandry, productivity and welfare of poultry. Extensive studies have been conducted on the endoparasites of ostrich, limiting their production through retardation in growth, poor health conditions, reduced egg production, lowered and overall sustainability. However, little is known about the common ectoparasites of ostrich and their control strategies. This paper aims to review theectoparasites of ostrich, where known, their involvement in disease transmission and control measures. Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of these ectoparasites were also discussed. The common ectoparasites of ostrich include; ticks (Amblyomma spp, Hyalomma spp, Rhipicephalus spp, Haemaphysalis and Argus), mosquitoes (Aedes spp and Culex), flies (Struthiobosca spp and Pseudolynchia canariensis), mites (Pterolichus spp) and Lice (Struthiolipeurus spp). Control measures include; use of insecticides, pesticides and other alternative biological control methods. We conclude that a number of ectoparasites are found in ostriches and significant advances in their control are most likely to come through an integrated approach adopting recent research into existing and novel control strategies; this is being combined with improved monitoring and modeling to better inform treatment intervention. This study has provided base line data for future studies on alternative control of ectoparasites. This has implication on the increase in protein production for human consumption and zoonosis.