Volume 106, October 2015, Pages 92–109
Abstract
Polyacetylenes
are a class of polyketides related to fatty acids that occur in plants,
fungi, marine organisms and animals. These compounds show a pleiotropic
profile of bioactivity, that includes antitumor, antibacterial,
antimicrobial or antifungal properties. Because of this, the literature
on these compounds has grown exponentially, and this review aims at
summarizing the inventory of polyacetylenes occurring in terrestrial
eukaryotic organisms (plants and fungi) during the last 15 years, and at
discussing progress in their bioactivities and in the identification of
their biological targets.
Graphical abstract
Abbreviations
- Ac, acetyl;
- ACAT, acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase;
- Apio, β-d-apiofuranosyl;
- Ara, β-d-arabinopyranosyl;
- CB1, cannabinoid receptor type-1;
- CB2, cannabinoid receptor type-2;
- CDK4, cyclin-dependent kinase 4;
- COX-2, cyclooxygenase type-2;
- DGAT, diacylglycerol acyltransferase;
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid;
- D-Rha, β-d-rhamnopyranosyl;
- FASII, fatty acid synthesis type II;
- G1-S, gap 1 phase-synthesis phase;
- GABA, 4-aminobutyrric acid;
- Glc, β-d-glucopyranosyl;
- GlcA, β-d-glucuronyl;
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus;
- IκB, inhibitor of NF-κB;
- IL-10, interleukin 10;
- IL-12, interleukin 12;
- KB, human oval epidermoid carcinoma cell line;
- L-Rha, α-l-rhamnopyranosyl;
- MCF7, human breast adenocarcinoma cell line;
- NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidated form;
- NADP+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, oxidated form;
- NCI-H187, human small cell lung cancer;
- NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cells;
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-B;
- NO, nitric oxide;
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2;
- PPARγ, proliferator-activated receptor gamma;
- Th1, type 1 T helper cell;
- Th2, type 2 T helper cell;
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α;
- UV-A, ultraviolet A
Keywords
- Polyacetylenes;
- Isolation;
- Plants;
- Fungi;
- Bioactivity
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
