Volume 226, 15 August 2016, Pages 22–25
Short communication
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil
- b Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brazil
- c Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do Nordeste, Brazil
- Received 18 November 2015, Revised 1 June 2016, Accepted 7 June 2016, Available online 8 June 2016
Highlights
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- A new compound, 1-(2′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-glycerol, was isolated in ethyl acetate extract of Calotropis procera latex (EAECPL).
- •
- EAECPL efficiently inhibited egg hatching, larval development and motility of the adult worms of Haemonchus contortus.
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- Structural changes were not detected in the worm's cuticle treated with EAECPL.
Abstract
Calotropis procera
is among the species of medicinal plants that have traditionally been
used for the treatment of parasites in small ruminants, stimulating the
scientific validation of anthelmintic effects. This study aimed to
investigate the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of Calotropis procera latex (EAECPL), assess the in vitro effect against Haemonchus contortus
and the structural changes caused in the adult worm. The latex was
collected, lyophilized and subjected to washing with the ethyl acetate
solvent to obtain EAECPL. The constituents of the extract were isolated
by column chromatography and identified by 13C and 1H
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The egg hatching test (EHT),
larval development test (LDT) and adult worms motility test (WMT) were
conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of EAECPL on eggs, larvae and
adult of H. contortus, respectively. The worms obtained from
the WMT, after 24 h exposure to EAECPL or controls were observed on a
scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results were analysed by
variance analysis and compared with Tukey’s test (P < 0.05). Three
compounds were isolated from EAECPL and identified as urs-19(29)-en-3-yl
acetate, (3β)-Urs-19(29)-en-3-ol, and
1-(2′,5′-dimethoxyphenyl)-glycerol. In the EHT, EAECPL inhibited larval
hatching by 91.8% at dose of 4 mg/ml. In the LDT 1 mg/ml inhibited 99.8%
larval development. In the WMT, EAECPL in the concentration of
100 μg/ml inhibited 100% motility of worms, 12 h post-exposition. In the
SEM, obvious differences were not detected between the negative control
worms and the worms treated with EAECPL. In this study, EAECPL showed
an effect on inhibition egg hatching, larval development and motility of
the adult worms of H. contortus. This should be related both
to the identified compounds, as well as the other compounds present in
the EAECPL, acting alone or synergistically.
Keywords
- Calotropis procera;
- Gastrointestinal nematodes;
- Phytotherapy;
- Sheep
© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
