Volume 863, 2015, Pages 95-116
School of Applied Sciences & Health Innovations, Research Institute, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Australia
Abstract
Healthy brain aging
and the problems of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a global
concern. Beyond 60 years of age, most, if not everyone, will experience a
decline in cognitive skills, memory capacity and changes in brain
structure. Longevity eventually leads to an accumulation of amyloid
plaques and/or tau tangles, including some vascular dementia damage.
Therefore, lifestyle choices are paramount to leading either a
brain-derived or a brain-deprived life. The focus of this review is to
critically examine the evidence, impact, influence and mechanisms of
natural products as chemopreventive agents which induce therapeutic
outcomes that modulate the aggregation process of beta-amyloid (A“),
providing measureable cognitive benefits in the aging process. Plants
can be considered as chemical factories that manufacture huge numbers of
diverse bioactive substances, many of which have the potential to
provide substantial neuroprotective benefits. Medicinal herbs and health
food supplements have been widely used in Asia since over 2,000 years.
The phytochemicals utilized in traditional Chinese medicine have
demonstrated safety profiles for human consumption. Many herbs with
anti-amyloidogenic activity, including those containing polyphenolic
constituents such as green tea, turmeric, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Panax
ginseng, are presented. Also covered in this review are extracts from
kitchen spices including cinnamon, ginger, rosemary, sage, salvia herbs,
Chinese celery and many others some of which are commonly used in
herbal combinations and represent highly promising therapeutic natural
compounds against AD. A number of clinical trials conducted on herbs to
counter dementia and AD are discussed. © Springer International
Publishing Switzerland 2015.
Author keywords
Alzheimer’s disease; Amyloid-beta; Dementia; Herbal polyphenols; Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
Indexed keywords
EMTREE drug terms: amyloid beta protein; baicalin;
butylphthalide; carnosic acid; cholic acid; curcumin; epigallocatechin
gallate; herbaceous agent; jasminoidin; kai xin san; plant medicinal
product; polyphenol; qingkailing; squamosamide derivative; unclassified
drug; plant medicinal product
EMTREE medical terms: aging; Alzheimer disease; Angelica archangelica; Angelica
sinensis; Annona glabrais; antidementia activity; Article; celery;
Curcuma aromatica; diet supplementation; drug activity; drug efficacy;
drug safety; evidence based medicine; food intake; Gastrodia elata;
ginger; ginseng; human; lifestyle modification; Magnolia officinalis;
medicinal plant; neuromodulation; neuroprotection; outcome assessment;
oxidative stress; phytochemistry; Poria cocos; priority journal; protein
aggregation; Radix polygalae; Rehmannia; Rheum coreanum; Rhizoma acori;
Rhizoma zingiberis; Scutellaria baicalensis; Semen ziziphi; aging;
Alzheimer disease; brain; medicinal plant; metabolism; pathology;
phytotherapy; procedures; trends
Species Index: Apium graveolens var. dulce; Cinnamomum
verum; Curcuma longa; Panax ginseng; Rosmarinus officinalis; Salvia;
Salvia miltiorrhiza; Zingiber officinale
MeSH: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Humans; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Plants, Medicinal
Medline is the source for the MeSH terms of this document.
Medline is the source for the MeSH terms of this document.
Chemicals and CAS Registry Numbers: amyloid beta
protein, 109770-29-8; baicalin, 21967-41-9; butylphthalide, 194085-46-6,
3413-15-8, 6066-49-5; carnosic acid, 3650-09-7; cholic acid,
32500-01-9, 361-09-1, 81-25-4; curcumin, 458-37-7; epigallocatechin
gallate, 989-51-5; polyphenol, 37331-26-3;Plant Preparations
ISSN: 00652598
CODEN: AEMBASource Type: Book series
Original language: English
Publisher: Springer New York LLC
