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Sunday 25 October 2015

Monograph: In vitro efficacy of 30 ethnomedicinal plants used by Indian aborigines against 6 multidrug resistant Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria

Document heading

Monograph: In vitro efficacy of 30 ethnomedicinal plants used by Indian aborigines against 6 multidrug resistant Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria


Abstract

Objective

To monitor in vitro antibacterial activities of leaf extracts of 30 common and non-common plants used by aborigines in Kalahandi district, Odisha, against 6 clinically isolated multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-positive bacteria of 3 genera, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus.

Methods

The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of 6 bacterial strains were studied with the disk-diffusion method with 17 antibiotics belonging to 8 classes. Monitored plants have ethno-medicinal use and several are used as traditional medicines. Antibacterial properties were studied with the agar-well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of plants were determined by the microbroth-dilution method.

Results

Ethanolic plant-extracts had the better antibacterial potencies in comparison to their corresponding aqueous extracts. Plants with most conspicuous antibacterial properties in controlling MDR strains of Gram-positive bacteria were aqueous and ethanolic extracts of plants, Ixora coccinea, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Polycythaemia rubra, Pongamia pinnata and Syzygium cumini, Carthamus tinctorius, Cucurbita maxima, Murraya koenigii, Leucas aspera, Plumbago indica and Psidium guajava. Ethanolic extracts of most plants had phytochemicals, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, reducing sugars, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and steroids.

Conclusions

These plants could be used further for the isolation of pure compounds to be used as complementary non-microbial antimicrobial medicines.

Keywords

  • Ethnobotany;
  • Antibacterial property;
  • MDR bacteria;
  • Phyto-extracts;
  • Phytochemical analyses;
  • Minimum bactericidal concentration
Foundation Project: Supported by UGC, New Delhi (Grant No. 39-388/2010/SR).
Peer reviewer
Dr. Pawan K. Singh, FNAAS, FNA, Former VC at CSAU&T, Kanpur (UP), Present INSA Senior Scientist at Center of Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 2200, UP, India.
Tel: 0542-2277705, 09415714584
E-mail: pksalgae@yahoo.co.in
Comments
Methodology is universally accepted. Data were well presented. Since plant extracts have an array of compounds, the control of MDR bacteria was easy. Thus, plant extracts could be used as CAM. These 30 plants are used by Odishan ethnic tribes as traditional medicine.
Details on Page 148
Available online 21 Jul 2014

Corresponding author: Prof. Dr. Rabindra Nath Padhy, Central Research Laboratory, IMS & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, K-8, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India. Tel: +919437134982