twitter

Sunday, 10 January 2016

The Image of the Kazakh Women in the Works of Russian Authors in the Context of Imperial Policy in the Steppes (The End of the XVIII - Beginning of XX Century)

Volume 140, 22 August 2014, Pages 671–676
2nd World Conference on Psychology and Sociology, PSYSOC 2013, 27-29 November 2013, Brussels, Belgium
Open Access

Abstract

The aim of the present article is to show in numerous ethnographic works, notes and memories of Russian authors of the end of XVIII – beginning of the XX centuries how not only the image of the Kazakh steppe was formed but also images of colonized ssubject-nomads, and in this case an image of the woman-Kazakh were formed. In the given article the authors have undertaken the attempt to show that in the works of the Russian authors of the indicated period a peculiar image of the Kazakh woman as “depressed”, “without rights” but at the same time “free from muslim dogmatism and reticence” was formed. Also these two opposite opinions or a stereotype with reference to the Kazakh women got on with each other not badly, moreover, both of them showed that the women-Kazakh were open for perception of the principles of ‘civilizing’ Russian influence as a result. In the opinion of the Russian officials, the Kazakh women could be successful in dissemination of the Russian culture in the traditional nomadic community

Keywords

  • women's problem”;
  • gender relations;
  • orientalism;
  • bridewealth ;

References

    • Women in history, 2001
    • Women in history: the opportunity to be seen: Collection of scientific. art./ed. I.R. Chikalova. - Minsk Belorussia State Pedagogical University, 2001. - 320 pp., p.10.

    • Baronov, 2005
    • S.F. Baronov, T.Y. Kuzmina Time of onset of maturity and sexuality of women-Cossacks//Cossacks. Collection of articles of anthropological detachment of Kazakstan expedition of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. - Issue 15. - pp.73-98; B.A. Kuftin Kirghiz- Cossacks. Culture and life. Moscow, 1926. - 48 p.; and others. Historic - graphical survey on issues of family and marriage of Kazakhs on this period in the article: A.B. Kalysh The historiography of the family and marriage of Kazakhs (20-30- ies of XX century)//Alash 2005. - № 1 (1). -89-98.

    • Vostrov Kazakhs, 1956
    • V.V. Vostrov Kazakhs of Dzhanybek region of West Kazakhstan oblast (historical and ethnographic survey)//Works of the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, 1956. - V.3. Ethnography. - pp. 5-104 and others. Historic - graphical survey on issues of a family and marriage of Kazakhs on this period in the articles A.B. Kalysh The historiography of the family and marriage of Kazakhs (40-50- ies of XX century)//Alash 2005. - № 2 (2). -83-93.

    • Massanov Outline, 1966
    • E.A. Massanov Outline of the history of the ethnographic study of the Kazakh people in the USSR. Alma- Ata, “Nauka”, 1966. – 321 pp.

    • Kurylev, 1978
    • V.P. Kurylev Family-related groups of Kazakhs late XIX-early XX centuries. (on some literary sources)//Family and family ceremonies of the peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Collection of articles. - Moscow, “Nauka”, 1978., pp.132-143 and others.

    • Argynbaev, 1973
    • H.A. Argynbaev Family and marriage of the Kazakhs (historical and ethnographic collection). Alma- Ata, “Nauka”, 1973. - pp.69-77.

    • Uskembaeva, 2007
    • M.A. Uskembaeva Gender inequality through the eyes of the subjects of the educational system of the Republic of Kazakhstan//Gender Studies in Kazakhstan. Almaty, 2005. - pp.114-127. ; R.S. Zharkynbaeva Of “women's history” as a scientific direction//World History and Kazakhstan in the twenty-first century: materials of the republican scientific - theoretical conference. - Almaty: Kazakh University, 2007. - pp. 38-46;.

    • Brusina, 2007
    • O.I. Brusina Marriage and Divorce in the People's Courts of Turkestan: the interaction of adat and shariat under Russian administration/Ethnographic review. – 2012. - № 2. – pp. 151-166.; I.V. Stasevich Social Status of the Kazakh women. Traditions and modernity//Central Asia: Tradition in the conditions of changes . S-P., 2007 . - Issue 1. - pp.189-223.

    • Georgi, 1799
    • Georgi I.G. Descriptions of all peoples inhabiting in the Russian state. S-P., 1799. - Part 2.;.

    • Miller, 1776
    • Miller G.F. Description of all peoples inhabiting the Russian state. S-P ., 1776 . - Part 1.;.

    • Pallas, 1773
    • Pallas P.S. Travelling on different provinces of the Russian Empire. S-P ., 1773 . - Part 1 and others.

    • Andreev, 2007
    • Andreev I.G. Description of Middle Orda of Kirgiz kaisak. 2nd ed. -Astana, 2007 . - 210 pp. ; Bardanes Kh. Kyrgyz, or Cossack chorography//History of Kazakhstan in the Russian sources of XVI-XX centuries. The first historical and ethnographic descriptions of the Kazakh lands. XVIII century - Almaty, 2007 . - Volume 4 . - 368 pp.

    • Bardanes, 2007
    • Bardanes H. Kyrgyz or Cossack chorography//History of Kazakhstan in the Russian sources of XVI-XX centuries. The first historical and ethnographic descriptions of the Kazakh lands. XVIII century. Almaty, 2007. - Volume 4. – p. 182.

    • History of Kazakhstan, 1830
    • History of Kazakhstan in documents and materials: Almanac. Almaty, 2011. - Issue 1. - 436 pp. ; Bronevskiy G.M. Notes of the Kyrgyz- kaisaks of Middle Orda//Home notes. V.42. - 1830. - pp.177-178.

    • Levshin, 1996
    • A.I. Levshin Description of Kyryiz-–cossack or Kyrgyz– kaisak ordas and steppes. Almaty; Sanat, 1996. pp. 331.

    • Vambery, 1877
    • Vambery A. Sketches and paintings of Oriental manners. S-P., 1877; Geins A.K. Kyrgyz essays//Military Collection. - 1866. - V.47. - № 1, V.49 . - № 6 and others.

    • Nurtazina, 1999
    • Nurtazina N.D. A woman in a traditional Kazakh society. - Almaty: Akylkіtaby, 1999. - 43 pp., p.8.

    • See this and other publications, 1896
    • See this and other publications and articles related to the “women's” issue: Dala uyalaty (Kirghiz steppe newspaper), 1899, № № 1, 6., 1891, № 41., 1892, № 31, 32., 1890, № 23, 28., 1896, № 39, 49, 51. and others.

    • The Central State, 1923
    • The Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan). F.64. - Inventory 1. - D. 1923. -L.3.

Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of PSYSOC 2013.

Corresponding author. Tel.: +7-701-959-9383.