Volume 115, July 2015, Pages 184–193
- a Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
- b Institute of Metrology, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania
- c Kaunas Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University, Sector of Medicinal Plants, Lithuania
- d Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- e Institute of Oncology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
- Received 9 December 2014, Revised 30 January 2015, Available online 25 February 2015
Highlights
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- Introduction of Chamerion angustifolium L. from different locations was performed.
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- Fresh herb extract had higher polyphenols content and higher antiradical activity.
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- Different chemotypes of C. angustifolium L. exist in Lithuania.
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- Oenothein B is a predominant phenolic compound.
Abstract
Due to the wide spectrum of biological activities, Chamerion angustifolium
L. as medicinal plant is used for the production of food supplements.
However, it should be kept in mind that quality (biological activity) of
the herb depends on its geographic origin, the way of raw material
preparation or extraction and chemotype. The purpose of this study was
to evaluate and compare the compositions of volatile, non-volatile
compounds and antioxidant activities of C. angustifolium grown
in Kaunas Botanical Garden after the introduction from different
locations in Lithuania. The compositions of fresh and air-dried samples
were compared.
The profile of volatile compounds was analyzed using headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with GC/MS. trans-2-Hexenal (16.0–55.9% of all volatiles) and trans-anethole (2.6–46.2%) were determined only in the dried samples, while cis-3-hexenol
(17.5–68.6%) only in fresh samples. Caryophyllenes (α- and β-) were
found in all analyzed samples, contributing together from 2.4% to 52.3%
of all volatiles according to the origin and preparation (fresh or
dried) of a sample. Total amount of phenolic compounds, total content of
flavonoids and radical scavenging activity (using
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)) were determined using
spectrophotometric assays. The variation of total phenolic compounds
content was dependent on the sample origin, moreover, drying reduced
amount of phenolics 1.5–3.5 times. The DPPH free radical scavenging
activity was in the range of 238.6–557.1 mg/g (expressed in rutin
equivalents) in the fresh samples and drastically reduced to
119.9–124.8 mg/g after drying. The qualitative analysis of phenolic
compounds in the aqueous methanolic extracts of C. angustifolium
was performed by means of HPLC with UV detection. Oenothein B and rutin
were predominant in the samples; also caffeic and chlorogenic acids,
and quercetin were determined. Chemometric methods, namely principal
component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and K-means
clustering analysis, were applied for evaluation of the results.
Chemometric analysis showed existence of different chemotypes of C. angustifolium L. and their relation to the geographic origin.
Graphical abstract
HPLC-UV profile of Chamerion angustifolium L. extract, prepared from fresh and dried material.
Keywords
- Introduction;
- Chamerion angustifolium L.;
- Volatile compounds;
- Phenolic compounds;
- Flavonoids;
- Chemometric analysis
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